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H2O enters a conical nozzle, operates at a steady state, at 2 MPa, 300 oC, with the inlet velocity 30 m/s and the mass flow rate

Colt1911 [192]

Answer:

The flow velocity at outlet is approximately 37.823 meters per second.

The inlet radius of the nozzle is approximately 0.258 meters.

Explanation:

A conical nozzle is a steady state device used to increase the velocity of a fluid at the expense of pressure. By First Law of Thermodynamics, we have the energy balance of the nozzle:

Energy Balance

$\dot m \cdot \left[\left(h_{in}+\frac{v_{in}^{2}}{2} \right)-\left(h_{out}+\frac{v_{out}^{2}}{2} \right)\right]= 0$ (1)

Where:

$\dot m$ - Mass flow, in kilograms per second.

$h_{in}$ , $h_{out}$ - Specific enthalpies at inlet and outlet, in kilojoules per second.

$v_{in}, v_{out}$ - Flow speed at inlet and outlet, in meters per second.

It is recommended to use water in the form of superheated steam to avoid the appearing of corrosion issues on the nozzle. From Property Charts of water we find the missing specific enthalpies:

Inlet (Superheated steam)

$p = 2000\,kPa$

$T = 300\,^{\circ}C$

$h_{in} = 3024.2\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$

$\nu_{in} = 0.12551\,\frac{m^{3}}{kg}$

Where $\nu_{in}$ is the specific volume of water at inlet, in cubic meters per kilogram.

Outlet (Superheated steam)

$p = 600\,kPa$

$T = 160\,^{\circ}C$

$h_{out} = 2758.9\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$

If we know that $\dot m = 50\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$ , $h_{in} = 3024.2\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$ , $h_{out} = 2758.9\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$ and $v_{in} = 30\,\frac{m}{s}$ , then the flow speed at outlet is:

$35765-25\cdot v_{out}^{2} = 0$ (2)

$v_{out} \approx 37.823\,\frac{m}{s}$

The flow velocity at outlet is approximately 37.823 meters per second.

The mass flow is related to the inlet radius ( $r_{in}$ ), in meters, by this expression:

$\dot m = \frac{\pi \cdot v_{in}\cdot r_{in}^{2} }{\nu_{in}}$ (3)

If we know that $\dot m = 50\,\frac{kJ}{kg}$ , $v_{in} = 30\,\frac{m}{s}$ and $\nu_{in} = 0.12551\,\frac{m^{3}}{kg}$ , then the inlet radius is:

$r_{in} = \sqrt{\frac{\dot m\cdot \nu_{in}}{\pi\cdot v_{in}}}$

$r_{in}\approx 0.258\,m$

The inlet radius of the nozzle is approximately 0.258 meters.

7 0

2 years ago

1. If you look at a reaction equation for a Fischer esterification reaction, you cannot tell where the oxygen comes from (acid o

Yanka [14]

Answer:

Explained

Explanation:

In the experiment, an (18)O-labelled alcohol R('18)OH is used with normal unlabeled carboxylic acid RC(16)O2H:

The esterification reaction is:

(note: the bracketed values are atomic masses)

RC(16)O_2H + R'(18)OH => RC16O18OR' + H_2(16)O

Since the alcohol is the nucleophile in this nucleophilic substitution reaction, it adds to the carbonyl group of the carboxylic acid and the (18)O atom becomes incorporated into the ester product, while the (16)OH group of the carboxylic acid is expelled as H_2(16)O.

By using mass spectroscopy to measure the mass of the ester and water products, it can be shown that each ester molecule contains one (18)O atom and one (16)O atom, while the water molecules contains only (16)O atoms.

This would prove unequivocally that the ester contains one O atom from the carboxylic acid and one O atom from the alcohol, while the water contains only O atoms from the carboxylic acid.

7 0

2 years ago

Refrigerant 134a is the working fluid in a vaporcompression heat pump that provides 35 kW to heat a dwelling on a day when the o

Dennis_Churaev [7]

Answer:

Hello, dear.

For the answer please see the explanation below.

Explanation:

The compressor power is:

2.212kW

(b) The refrigeration capacity is:

3.62 tons

(c) The coefficient of performance is:

5.75

5 0

3 years ago

Write a program with total change amount as an integer input, and

AURORKA [14]

Answer:

amount = int(input())

#Check if input is less than 1

if amount<=0:

print("No change")

else: #If otherwise

#Convert amount to various coins

dollar = int(amount/100) #Convert to dollar

amount = amount % 100 #Get remainder after conversion

quarter = int(amount/25) #Convert to quarters

amount = amount % 25 #Get remainder after conversion

dime = int(amount/10) #Convert to dimes

amount = amount % 10 #Get remainder after conversion

nickel = int(amount/5) #Convert to nickel

penny = amount % 5 #Get remainder after conversion

#Print results

if dollar >= 1:

if dollar == 1:

print(str(dollar)+" Dollar")

else:

print(str(dollar)+" Dollars")

if quarter >= 1:

if quarter == 1:

print(str(quarter)+" Quarter")

else:

print(str(quarter)+" Quarters")

if dime >= 1:

if dime == 1:

print(str(dime)+" Dime")

else:

print(str(dime)+" Dimes")

if nickel >= 1:

if nickel == 1:

print(str(nickel)+" Nickel")

else:

print(str(nickel)+" Nickels")

if penny >= 1:

if penny == 1:

print(str(penny)+" Penny")

else:

print(str(penny)+" Pennies")

Explanation:

8 0

3 years ago

Discuss the nature of materials causing turbidity in

Anestetic [448]

Answer:

a

Explanation:

5 0

3 years ago

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