Answer:
Hot material near Earth's surface is more dense and sinks, and when it cools, it becomes less dense and rises.
Explanation:
Convection is a process by which less dense material rises and more dense material sinks near Earth's surface. Water, air, rocks and other materials expands when temperature rises and they become less dense. When the water is heated it becomes vapors and carries away thermal energy from the water.
Answer:
electronegativity increases
Answer:
ΔG° = -533.64 kJ
Explanation:
Let's consider the following reaction.
Hg₂Cl₂(s) ⇄ Hg₂²⁺(aq) + 2 Cl⁻(aq)
The standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) can be calculated using the following expression:
ΔG° = ∑np × ΔG°f(products) - ∑nr × ΔG°f(reactants)
where,
ni are the moles of reactants and products
ΔG°f(i) are the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of reactants and products
ΔG° = 1 mol × ΔG°f(Hg₂²⁺) + 2 mol × ΔG°f(Cl⁻) - 1 mol × ΔG°f(Hg₂Cl₂)
ΔG° = 1 mol × 148.85 kJ/mol + 2 mol × (-182.43 kJ/mol) - 1 mol × (-317.63 kJ/mol)
ΔG° = -533.64 kJ
Answer is: variables that were manipulated during the experiment.
The two main variables in an experiment are the independent and dependent variable.
Dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment.
Dependent variables depend on the values of independent variables. The dependent variables represent the output or outcome whose variation is being studied.
Laboratory room number is the least important.
Answer:
∆H or Enthalpy of the reaction
Explanation:
If ∆H is +ve
- Reaction is exothermic
- Example:-Combustion, mixing sodium/potassium in water
If ∆H is -ve
- Reaction is endothermic
- Ex:-Melting of ice
