Answer:
2C(s, graphite)+ 3H₂(g) + ½O₂(g) ⟶ C₂H₅OH(ℓ)
Explanation:
The thermodynamic standard state of elements and compounds is defined as their most stable state at 25 °C and 1 bar
The elements in ethanol, C₂H₅OH, are C, H, and O.
Their most stable states at standard conditions are C₂H₅OH(ℓ), C(s, graphite), H₂(g), and O₂(g)
The equation for the formation of ethanol from its elements is then
2C(s, graphite) + 3H₂(g) + ½O₂(g) ⟶ C₂H₅OH(ℓ)
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Answer:
0.015 M HNO3 = 0.015 M H3O+ pH = -log(0.015) = 1.82 [OH -] = 1.0 x 10 -14/0.015 M = 6.7 x 10 13 Check: HNO3 is a strong acid, so we expect the pH to be low and the [OH ] to be small
