Explain the force of air resistance depends on an objects speed
1 answer:
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Answer:
The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.13
Explanation:
Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force on it, the factor of proportionality is the mass. So, we can express that law mathematically as:
(1)
With F the net force, m the mass and a the acceleration of the object. In our case we're interested on what's happening to the sled, then we have to analyze the forces on it, those forces are the weight and the normal force on the vertical direction and the pulling force and frictional force in the horizontal direction. So, because (1) is a vector equation we can express that in their vertical (y) and horizontal (x) components:
(2)
(3)
On y we have that the acceleration is zero because the sled is not moving upward or downward, remember that the net force on y is the weight (W) pointing downward and the normal force pointing upward:
Following the convention that positive is upward and negative downward, W=mg=(755)(-9.81):
(4)
Now on the x direction we have the sum of the forces is the pulling force (T) and friction force (f)
Choosing the direction where the horse is pulling F=1988N and the acceleration should be positive too, then:
The negative sign means it's in the opposite direction the horse is pulling
The frictional force is related with the coefficient of kinetic friction in the next way:
with μk the coefficient of kinetic friction, and n the normal force that we already found on (4), so we simply solve the last equation for μk:
Answer:
a) E = 1.58 10²¹ J , b) Oil = 4,236 107 liter , e) T = 54.3 C
Explanation:
a) To calculate the energy that reaches Earth, let us combine that the power emitted by the Sun is distributed uniformly on a spherical surface
I = P / A
A = 4π r²
in this case the radius of the sphere is the distance from the Sun to Earth r = 1.5 10¹¹ m
I = P / A
I = P / 4π r²
let's calculate
I = 3,828 10²⁵/4 pi (1.5 10¹¹)²
I = 1.3539 10²W / m² = 135.4 W / m2
the energy that reaches the disk of the Earth is
E = I A
the area of a disc
A = π r²
E = I π r²
where r is the radius of the Earth 6.37 10⁶ m
E = 135.4 π(6.37 10⁶)
E = 1,726 10¹⁶ W
This is the energy per unit of time that reaches Earth
t = 1 dai (24h / 1day) (3600s / 1h) = 86400 s
E = 1,826 10¹⁶ 86400
E = 1.58 10²¹ J
b) for this part we can use a direct proportions rule
Oil = 1.58 10²¹ (1 / 37.3 10⁶)
Oil = 4,236 10⁷ liter
c) to silence the surface temperature of the Earth we use the Stefan-Bolztman Law
P = σ A e T⁴
T =
nos indicate the refect, therefore the amount of absorbencies
P_absorbed = 0.7 P
let's calculate
T = REA (0.7 1.58 1021 / [pi (6.37 106) 2 1)
T = RER (8,676 106)
T = 54.3 C
b) Among the other factors that must be taken into account is the greenhouse effect, due to the absorption of gases from the atmosphere