Answer:
Here's what I get.
Explanation:
1. Brønsted-Lowry theory
An acid is a substance that can donate a proton to another substance.
A base is a substance that can accept a proton from another substance.
2. pH of ammonia
The chemical equation is
For simplicity, let's re-write this as
(a) Set up an ICE table.
B + H₂O ⇌ BH⁺ + OH⁻
I/mol·L⁻¹: 0.335 0 0
C/mol·L⁻¹: -x +x +x
E/mol·L⁻¹: 0.335 + x x x
![\rm K_{\text{b}} = \dfrac{\text{[BH}^{+}]\text{[OH}^{-}]}{\text{[B]}} = 1.8 \times 10^{-5}\\\\\dfrac{x^{2}}{0.335 - x} = 1.8 \times 10^{-5}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Crm%20K_%7B%5Ctext%7Bb%7D%7D%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BBH%7D%5E%7B%2B%7D%5D%5Ctext%7B%5BOH%7D%5E%7B-%7D%5D%7D%7B%5Ctext%7B%5BB%5D%7D%7D%20%3D%201.8%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-5%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C%5Cdfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B0.335%20-%20x%7D%20%3D%201.8%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-5%7D)
Check for negligibility:
(b) Solve for [OH⁻]
![\dfrac{x^{2}}{0.335} = 1.8 \times 10^{-5}\\\\x^{2} = 0.335 \times 1.8 \times 10^{-5}\\x^{2} = 6.03 \times 10^{-6}\\x = \sqrt{6.03 \times 10^{-6}}\\x = \text{[OH]}^{-} = \mathbf{2.46 \times 10^{-3}} \textbf{ mol/L}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdfrac%7Bx%5E%7B2%7D%7D%7B0.335%7D%20%3D%201.8%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-5%7D%5C%5C%5C%5Cx%5E%7B2%7D%20%3D%200.335%20%5Ctimes%201.8%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-5%7D%5C%5Cx%5E%7B2%7D%20%3D%206.03%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-6%7D%5C%5Cx%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%7B6.03%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-6%7D%7D%5C%5Cx%20%3D%20%5Ctext%7B%5BOH%5D%7D%5E%7B-%7D%20%3D%20%5Cmathbf%7B2.46%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%7D%20%5Ctextbf%7B%20mol%2FL%7D)
(c) Calculate the pOH
![\text{pOH} = -\log \text{[OH}^{-}] = -\log(2.46 \times 10^{-3}) = 2.61](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BpOH%7D%20%3D%20-%5Clog%20%5Ctext%7B%5BOH%7D%5E%7B-%7D%5D%20%3D%20-%5Clog%282.46%20%5Ctimes%2010%5E%7B-3%7D%29%20%3D%202.61)
(d) Calculate the pH
pH = 14.00 - pOH = 14.00 - 2.61 = 11.39
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Learn more about Franklin Roosevelt here:
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Answer:
they are not realted at all
Explanation:
Explanation:
As you move across the periodic table, the number of protons and neutrons increases but the number of orbital levels of the period remains the same. The atomic radii therefore decrease, across the period, because the increase in proton number causes an increased pull of the orbital electrons bringing them closer to the nucleus.
As you move down a group in a periodic table, the number of orbital levels increase. The effective nuclear charge of the nucleus of the atoms decreases due to the increased number of orbital levels that shield the valence electrons from the attractive force nucleus.
