The highest trophic level has the least available energy in kilojoules.
Even though the food web is not shown in the question, but we know that energy decreases steadily as it is passed on from one trophic level to the next according to the second law of thermodynamics.
Energy enters into the system from the sun. The primary producers utilize this energy to produce food. As plants are eaten by animals, this energy is transferred along the food web an diminishes at each higher trophic level.
At the highest trophic level, the the least available energy in kilojoules in this food web is found.
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Answer: Valence electrons
Valence electrons are those that are in the outermost or superficial layer of the atom, which means they have the highest energy compared to those of the inner layers.
Because of their position, it is easier for these electrons to interact with other atoms of their own element as well as different elements. This is done through the process of forming bonds when being attracted by other atoms.
To calculate the gravitational force acting on an object given the mass and the acceleration due to gravity, use the following formula.
Fg = m • g
Fg = 1.3 kg • 9.8 m/s^2
Fg = 12.74 N or about 12.7 N.
The solution is C. 12.7 N.
