The force that the book exerts on the table is a normal force, not a weight force. (The book's weight doesn't act on the table, it acts on the book.) It's equal in magnitude to the weight of the book, again, because of the first law.
Answer:
Directly proportional: as one amount increases another amount increases at the ... The "constant of proportionality" is the value that relates the two amounts ... Example: y is directly proportional to x, and when x=3 then y=15. ... Speed and travel time are Inversely Proportional because the faster we go the shorter the time.
Answer:
Net force on the block is 32 N.
Acceleration of the object is 6.4 m/s².
Explanation:
Let the acceleration of the object be
m/s².
Given:
Mass of the block is, 
Force of pull is, 
Frictional force on the block is, 
The free body diagram of the object is shown below.
From the figure, the net force in the forward direction is given as:

Now, from Newton's second law of motion, net force is equal to the product of mass and acceleration. So,

Therefore, the acceleration of the object in the forward direction is 6.4 m/s².
Actually what the problem meant about the westward
component of the ball’s displacement is the horizontal component of the
displacement. To help us better understand the problem, I attached a figure of
the situation.
We can see from the figure that to solve for the value of
the horizontal component, we have to make use of the sin function. That is:
sin θ = side opposite to the angle / hypotenuse of the
triangle
sin 42 = x / 40 m
x = (40 m) sin 42
x = 26.77 m
Therefore the ball has a westward
displacement of about 26.77 m