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rodikova [14]
3 years ago
5

The marking off table has a mass of 500kg.

Engineering
1 answer:
d1i1m1o1n [39]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

0.1336

Explanation:

The formula for pressure is force exerted by the object divided by area the object covers.

The marking off table has a mass of 500 kg. You can find its weight by applying the equation;

w= m* g where w is weight , m is mass and g is acceleration due to gravity

w= 500 * 9.81

w= 4905 N

Formula for pressure is;

P= F/A

3.5 *100000 N = 4905 / A

350000 N = 4905 /A

A= 4905/350000

A= 0.0140 m²

To get the internal diameter apply the formula;

A=πr²  where A is area of a cylindrical shaped object, r is radius

0.0140 = π * r²

0.0140/π = r²

0.0044608 = r²

√0.0044608 = r

0.06678 m = r ------D = 2r

0.1336 = D

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Where loads are likely to be on continuously, the calculated load for branch circuits and feeders must be figured at 125%.

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1 year ago
Why is the back-work ratio much higher in the brayton cycle than in the rankine cycle?
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The back-work ratio much higher in the Brayton cycle than in the Rankine cycle because a gas cycle is the Brayton cycle, while a steam cycle is the Rankine cycle. Particularly, the creation of water droplets will be a constraint on the steam turbine's efficiency. Since gas has a bigger specific volume than steam, the compressor will have to work harder while using gas.

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2. A counter flow tube-shell heat exchanger is used to heat a cold water stream from 18 to 78oC at a flow rate of 1 kg/s. Heatin
Anastaziya [24]

Answer:

a) L = 220\,m, b) U_{o} \approx 0.63\,\frac{kW}{m^{2}\cdot ^{\textdegree}C}

Explanation:

a) The counterflow heat exchanger is presented in the attachment. Given that cold water is an uncompressible fluid, specific heat does not vary significantly with changes on temperature. Let assume that cold water has the following specific heat:

c_{p,c} = 4.186\,\frac{kJ}{kg\cdot ^{\textdegree}C}

The effectiveness of the counterflow heat exchanger as a function of the capacity ratio and NTU is:

\epsilon = \frac{1-e^{-NTU\cdot(1-c)}}{1-c\cdot e^{-NTU\cdot (1-c)}}

The capacity ratio is:

c = \frac{C_{min}}{C_{max}}

c = \frac{(1\,\frac{kg}{s} )\cdot(4.186\,\frac{kW}{kg^{\textdegree}C} )}{(1.8\,\frac{kg}{s} )\cdot(4.30\,\frac{kW}{kg^{\textdegree}C} )}

c = 0.541

Heat exchangers with NTU greater than 3 have enormous heat transfer surfaces and are not justified economically. Let consider that NTU = 2.5. The efectiveness of the heat exchanger is:

\epsilon = \frac{1-e^{-(2.5)\cdot(1-0.541)}}{1-(2.5)\cdot e^{-(2.5)\cdot (1-0.541)}}

\epsilon \approx 0.824

The real heat transfer rate is:

\dot Q = \epsilon \cdot \dot Q_{max}

\dot Q = \epsilon \cdot C_{min}\cdot (T_{h,in}-T_{c,in})

\dot Q = (0.824)\cdot (4.186\,\frac{kW}{^{\textdegree}C} )\cdot (160^{\textdegree}C-18^{\textdegree}C)

\dot Q = 489.795\,kW

The exit temperature of the hot fluid is:

\dot Q = \dot m_{h}\cdot c_{p,h}\cdot (T_{h,in}-T_{h,out})

T_{h,out} = T_{h,in} - \frac{\dot Q}{\dot m_{h}\cdot c_{p,h}}

T_{h,out} = 160^{\textdegree}C + \frac{489.795\,kW}{(7.74\,\frac{kW}{^{\textdegree}C} )}

T_{h,out} = 96.719^{\textdegree}C

The log mean temperature difference is determined herein:

\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{(T_{h,in}-T_{c, out})-(T_{h,out}-T_{c,in})}{\ln\frac{T_{h,in}-T_{c, out}}{T_{h,out}-T_{c,in}} }

\Delta T_{lm} = \frac{(160^{\textdegree}C-78^{\textdegree}C)-(96.719^{\textdegree}C-18^{\textdegree}C)}{\ln\frac{160^{\textdegree}C-78^{\textdegree}C}{96.719^{\textdegree}C-18^{\textdegree}C} }

\Delta T_{lm} \approx 80.348^{\textdegree}C

The heat transfer surface area is:

A_{i} = \frac{\dot Q}{U_{i}\cdot \Delta T_{lm}}

A_{i} = \frac{489.795\,kW}{(0.63\,\frac{kW}{m^{2}\cdot ^{\textdegree}C} )\cdot(80.348^{\textdegree}C) }

A_{i} = 9.676\,m^{2}

Length of a single pass counter flow heat exchanger is:

L =\frac{A_{i}}{\pi\cdot D_{i}}

L = \frac{9.676\,m^{2}}{\pi\cdot (0.014\,m)}

L = 220\,m

b) Given that tube wall is very thin, inner and outer heat transfer areas are similar and, consequently, the cold side heat transfer coefficient is approximately equal to the hot side heat transfer coefficient.

U_{o} \approx 0.63\,\frac{kW}{m^{2}\cdot ^{\textdegree}C}

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