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Elanso [62]
3 years ago
6

13.How many grams of phosphorus (P4) are needed to completely consume 79.2 L of chlorine gas according to the following reaction

at 25 °C and 1 atm?
phosphorus (P4) ( s ) + chlorine ( g ) -----> phosphorus trichloride ( l )
Chemistry
1 answer:
BabaBlast [244]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

73.2g

Explanation:

The reaction expression is given as:

              P₄   +   6Cl₂   →  4PCl₃

Given parameters:

Volume of chlorine gas  = 79.2L

Unknown:

Mass of Phosphorus needed  =  ?

Solution:

To solve this problem, let us find the number of moles of the chlorine gas.

Since the condition of the reaction is at STP;

           22.4L of gas is contained in 1 mole

          79.2L of chlorine gas will contain \frac{79.2}{22.4}   = 3.54mole

From the reaction expression;

           6 moles of chlorine gas will react with 1 mole of P₄  

 3.54 mole of chlorine gas will completely react with \frac{3.54}{6}   = 0.59mole of P₄

Mass of P₄  = number of moles x molar mass

   Molar mass of P₄  = 4 x 31  = 124g/mol

Mass of P₄  = 0.59 x 124  = 73.2g

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The molar mass of citric acid (c6h8o7) is 192.124g/mol

The molar mass of baking soda (nahco3) is 84.007g/mol

The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the mass of a sample of that compound divided by the amount of substance in that sample and is measured in moles. Molar mass is a mass property, not a molecular property of a substance.

Molar mass is the mass of 1 mole of the sample. To find the molar mass, add up the atomic masses (atomic weights) of all the atoms in the molecule. Use the masses listed in the periodic table or atomic weight table to determine the atomic mass of each element.

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You react 2.33 g of iron (III) chloride with 50.0 mL of 0.500 M solution of sodium phosphate to
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2.33g of iron (iii) chloride

50.0 mL of 5.00 M of sodium phosphate

FeCl3 + Na3PO4 > Fe(PO4) + 3NaCl

mol = conc × vol = 0.5 × 50/1000 = 0.025 mol Na3PO4

from the equation:

1 mol of Na3PO4 reacts with 1 mol FeCl3 = 3 mol of NaCl

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Using the periodic table entry of iron below, match the numbers with what they represent.
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Answer:

Answers:

1. The number 26 ↔ atomic number

2. The number 56 ↔ mass number

3. The number 4 ↔ the number of orbits

4. The number 30 ↔ number of neutrons.

5. The number 14 ↔ number of electrons in n = 3

6. The number 2 ↔ number of valence electrons.

Explanation:

The same relevant information to deal with the data reported can be found in many periodic tables.

Herewith, I copy the mentioned entry. Please see the image attached.

This is the explanation of the information shown in the entry:

1) Symbol: in the centre of the picture: Fe. It is the symbol of iron.

2) Superscript to the lef of the symbol: 26. It is the atomic number, i.e. the number of protons. Hence, this is the first match:

         1. The number 26 ↔ atomic number

3) The number 55.845 below the symbol and name of the element is the atomic mass of the element.

The atomic mass is the avereage mass of the several isotopes of the same element that exist in nature.

The particles that count for the atomic mass are the neutrons and protons, and that is reason of the called mass number, which is the sum of the neutrons and protons of a particular isotope.

An atomic mass of 55.845 means that likely there exist isotopes with mass number 56. This is, with a total number of 56 nucleons (protons and neutrons).

Since, as explained above, Fe has 26 protons, you can calcualte the number of neutrons of the 56 mass number isotope as: n = 56 - 26 = 30 neutrons.

Hence, you can match these:

        2. The number 56 ↔ mass number

        4. The number 30 ↔ number of neutrons

5. The numbers 2, 8, 14, and 2, that appear in the upper right corner of the image are the number of electrons in the different main energy levels, which is the principal quantum number (n)

They mean:

energy level (n)      number of electrons

 1                               2

2                               8

3                              14

4                             2

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5. The number 14 ↔ number of electrons in n = 3

6. The number 2 ↔ number of valence electrons

The valence electrons are the electrons in the last main energy level (here n = 4).

3. The number 4 ↔ the number of orbits

Note: orbits is not a good name for the energy levels, since orbits implies fixed paths around the nucleus and that is an overcome model.

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