Answer:
(b) the point charge is moved outside the sphere
Explanation:
Gauss' Law states that the electric flux of a closed surface is equal to the enclosed charge divided by permittivity of the medium.

According to this law, any charge outside the surface has no effect at all. Therefore (a) is not correct.
If the point charge is moved off the center, the points on the surface close to the charge will have higher flux and the points further away from the charge will have lesser flux. But as a result, the total flux will not change, because the enclosed charge is the same.
Therefore, (c) and (d) is not correct, because the enclosed charge is unchanged.
Answer:
2.7 m/s
Explanation:
Draw a free body diagram of the ball. There are two forces:
Weight force mg pulling down
Tension force T pulling 39° above the horizontal
Sum of the forces in the y direction:
∑F = ma
T sin θ − mg = 0
T = mg / sin θ
Sum of the forces in the radial (+x) direction:
∑F = ma
T cos θ = m v² / r
Substitute:
(mg / sin θ) cos θ = m v² / r
mg / tan θ = m v² / r
g / tan θ = v² / r
v = √(gr / tan θ)
Given that r = 0.6 m and θ = 39°:
v = √(9.8 m/s² × 0.6 m / tan 39°)
v ≈ 2.7 m/s
Answer:
Tar
Explanation: Tar is a big ingredient in cigarettes and can cause the sticky substance