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3 years ago

Starting with calcium chloride describe how one can prepare calcium carbonate

Chemistry

1 answer:

Dima020 [189]3 years ago

8 0

I have no idea I’m sorry I’m doing a test and need to put a question

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Suppose you have just added 100 ml of a solution containing 0.5 mol of acetic acid per liter to 400 ml of 0.5 m naoh. what is th

Tpy6a [65]

$pH = 13.5$

Explanation:

Sodium hydroxide completely ionizes in water to produce sodium ions and hydroxide ions. Hydroxide ions are in excess and neutralize all acetic acid added by the following ionic equation:

$\text{HAc} + \text{OH}^{-} \to \text{Ac}^{-} + \text{H}_2\text{O}$

The mixture would contain

$0.4 \times 0.5 - 0.1 \times 0.5 = 0.15 \; \text{mol}$ of $\text{OH}^{-}$ and
$0.1 \times 0.5 = 0.05 \; \text{mol}$ of $\text{Ac}^{-}$

if $\text{Ac}^{-}$ undergoes no hydrolysis; the solution is of volume $0.1 + 0.4 = 0.5 \; \text{L}$ after the mixing. The two species would thus be of concentration $0.30 \; \text{mol} \cdot \text{L}^{-1}$ and $0.10 \; \text{mol} \cdot \text{L}^{-1}$ , respectively.

Construct a RICE table for the hydrolysis of $\text{Ac}^{-}$ under a basic aqueous environment (with a negligible hydronium concentration.)

$\begin{array}{cccccccc} \text{R} & \text{Ac}^{-}(aq) &+ & \text{H}_2\text{O}(aq) & \leftrightharpoons & \text{HAc}(aq) & + & \text{OH}^{-} (aq)\\ \text{I} & 0.10 \; \text{M} & & & & & &0.30 \; \text{M}\\ \text{C} & -x \; \text{M}& & & & +x \; \text{M}& & +x \; \text{M} \\ \text{E} & (0.10 - x) \; \text{M} & & & & x \; \text{M} & & (0.30 +x) \; \text{M} \end{array}$

The question supplied the <em>acid</em> dissociation constant $pK_a$ for acetic acid $\text{HAc}$ ; however, calculating the hydrolysis equilibrium taking place in this basic mixture requires the <em>base</em> dissociation constant $pK_b$ for its conjugate base, $\text{Ac}^{-}$ . The following relationship relates the two quantities:

$pK_{b} (\text{Ac}^{-}) = pK_{w} - pK_{a}( \text{HAc})$

... where the water self-ionization constant $pK_w \approx 14$ under standard conditions. Thus $pK_{b} (\text{Ac}^{-}) = 14 - 4.7 = 9.3$ . By the definition of $pK_b$ :

$[\text{HAc} (aq)] \cdot [\text{OH}^{-} (aq)] / [\text{Ac}^{-} (aq) ] = K_b = 10^{-pK_{b}}$

$x \cdot (0.3 + x) / (0.1 - x) = 10^{-9.3}$

$x = 1.67 \times 10^{-10} \; \text{M} \approx 0 \; \text{M}$

$[\text{OH}^{-}] = 0.30 +x \approx 0.30 \; \text{M}$

$pH = pK_{w} - pOH = 14 + \text{log}_{10}[\text{OH}^{-}] = 14 + \text{log}_{10}{0.30} = 13.5$

6 0

3 years ago

"would you expect to find sodium chloride in underground rock deposits as a solid, liquid, or gas? explain."

Sophie [7]

A sodium chloride is like most of the ionic compounds existing here on earth in which they are composed of having a high melting point and by this, if found in underground rock deposits, they are usually in a form of solid.

3 0

3 years ago

A sample of gas initially has a volume of 2.25 L at 350 K and a pressure of 1.75 atm. What will be sample pressure if the volume

IRINA_888 [86]

Answer:

8.44 atm

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Initial volume (V₁) = 2.25 L

Initial temperature (T₁) = 350 K

Initial pressure (P₁) = 1.75 atm

Final volume (V₂) = 1 L

Final temperature (T₂) = 750 K

Final pressure (P₂) =?

The final pressure of the gas can be obtained as illustrated below:

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

1.75 × 2.25 / 350 = P₂ × 1 / 750

3.9375 / 350 = P₂ / 750

Cross multiply

350 × P₂ = 3.9375 × 750

350 × P₂ = 2953.125

Divide both side by 350

P₂ = 2953.125 / 350

P₂ = 8.44 atm

Thus, the final pressure of the gas is 8.44 atm.

7 0

3 years ago

Graphite, an allotrope of carbon, is converted into cubic diamond through a process that may take a billion years or longer.

andriy [413]

Answer:

The given statement is true.

Explanation:

The given statement is true.

As per an estimate, to convert graphite into diamond nearly 1 billion to 3.3 billion years of time is required.

Graphite converts into diamond when high-pressure is applied deep in the earth core.

5 0

3 years ago

The smell of fresh cut pine is due in part to the cyclic alkene called pinene. Given the following data of pinene: Vapor pressur

Sveta_85 [38]

Answer: Heat of vaporization is 41094 Joules

Explanation:

The vapor pressure is determined by Clausius Clapeyron equation:

$ln(\frac{P_2}{P_1})=\frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{R}(\frac{1}{T_1}-\frac{1}{T_2})$

where,

$P_1$ = initial pressure at 429 K = 760 torr

$P_2$ = final pressure at 415 K = 515 torr

= enthalpy of vaporisation = ?

R = gas constant = 8.314 J/mole.K

$T_1$ = initial temperature = 429 K

$T_2$ = final temperature = 515 K

Now put all the given values in this formula, we get

$\log (\frac{515}{760}=\frac{\Delta H}{2.303\times 8.314J/mole.K}[\frac{1}{429K}-\frac{1}{415K}]$

$\Delta H=41094J$

Thus the heat of vaporization is 41094 Joules

4 0

3 years ago

Starting with calcium chloride describe how one can prepare calcium carbonate​

Starting with calcium chloride describe how one can prepare calcium carbonate