Question

An unstrained horizontal spring has a length of 0.26 m and a spring constant of 180 N/m. Two small charged objects are attached to this spring, one at each end. The charges on the objects have equal magnitudes. Because of these charges, the spring stretches by 0.039 m relative to its unstrained length. Determine (a) the possible algebraic signs and (b) the magnitude of the charges.

Answer 1

Answer:

a)

two like charges always repel each other while two unlike charges attract each other. Since the spring stretches by 0.039 m, the charges have the same sign. both charges are positive(+) or Negative (-)

b)

both q1 and q1 are 8.35 × 10⁻⁶ C or -8.35 × 10⁻⁶ C

Explanation:

Given that;

L = 0.26 m

k = 180 N/m

x = 0.039 m

a)

we know that two like charges always repel each other while two unlike charges attract each other. Since the spring stretches by 0.039 m, the charges have the same sign.

b)

Spring force F = kx

F = 180 × 0.039

F = 7.02 N

Now, Electrostatic force F = Keq²/r²

where r = L + x = ( 0.26 + 0.039 )

we know that proportionality constant in electrostatics equations Ke = 9×10⁹ kg⋅m3⋅s−2⋅C−2

so from the equation; F = Keq²/r²

Fr² = Keq²

q = √ ( Fr² / Ke )

we substitute

q = √ ( 7.02 N × ( 0.26 + 0.039 )² / 9×10⁹ )

q = √ ( 7.02 N × ( 0.26 + 0.039 )² / 9×10⁹ )

q =  √ (0.627595 / 9×10⁹)

q = √(6.97 × 10⁻¹¹)

q = 8.35 × 10⁻⁶ C

Therefore both q1 and q1 are 8.35 × 10⁻⁶ C or -8.35 × 10⁻⁶ C