Solution:
Given:
Calcium and Oxygen ions each having valence = 2 or 2 valence electrons
seperation distance, r = 1.25nm =
m
Coulombian force for two point charges seperated by a distance 'r' is given by:
F =
(1)
Now, we know that

q = ne
where, n = no. of electrons
e = charge of an electron =
C
=
e = 2e
=
e = 2e
Using Eqn (1)
F = 

F =
N
Since, the force is between two opposite charged ions, it is attractive in nature.
Answer:
I'm pretty sure it's letter d
A reflected wavelength of light is detected by the detector and is decoded as a logic one; absorbed or transmitted wavelengths are not detected, there absence being decoded as a logic zero.
Answer:
Electrons are the negatively charged particles of atom. Electrons are extremely small compared to all of the other parts of the atom. So, the negative green particles of this atom are the electrons.
Explanation:
Hope it helps:)
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