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Aleks [24]
3 years ago
8

g Suppose 0.0350 g M g is reacted with 10.00 mL of 6 M H C l to produce aqueous magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. M g ( s ) +

2 H C l ( a q ) → M g C l 2 ( a q ) + H 2 ( g ) What is the limiting reactant in this reaction?
Chemistry
1 answer:
iren2701 [21]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Mg will be the limiting reagent.

Explanation:

The balanced reaction is:

Mg + 2 HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • Mg: 1 mole
  • HCl: 2 moles
  • MgCl₂: 1 mole
  • H₂: 1 mole

Being the molar mass of each compound:

  • Mg: 24.3 g/mole
  • HCl: 36.45 g/mole
  • MgCl₂: 95.2 g/mole
  • H₂: 2 g/mole

By reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • Mg: 1 mole* 24.3 g/mole= 24.3 g
  • HCl: 2 moles* 36.45 g/mole= 72.9 g
  • MgCl₂: 1 mole* 95.2 g/mole= 95.2 g
  • H₂: 1 mole* 2 g/mole= 2 g

0.0350 g of Mg is reacted with 10.00 mL (equal to 0.01 L) of 6 M HCl.

Molarity being the number of moles of solute that are dissolved in a certain volume, expressed as:

Molarity=\frac{number of moles of solute}{volume}

in units \frac{moles}{liter}

then, the number of moles of HCl that react is:

6 M=\frac{number of moles of HCl}{0.01 L}

number of moles of HCl= 6 M*0.01 L

number of moles of HCl= 0.06 moles

Then you can apply the following rule of three: if by stoichiometry 2 moles of HCl react with 24.3 grams of Mg, 0.06 moles of HCl react with how much mass of Mg?

mass of Mg=\frac{0.06 moles of HCl* 24.3 grams of Mg}{2 moles of HCl}

mass of Mg= 0.729 grams

But 0.729 grams of Mg are not available, 0.0350 grams are available. Since you have less mass than you need to react with 0.06 moles of HCl, <u><em>Mg will be the limiting reagent.</em></u>

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