Answer:
4.47 km
Explanation:
If we draw the path of the van then we get a shape with two exposed points A and D. If we draw a line from point D perpendicular to BA we get point E. This gives us a right angled triangle ADE.
From Pythagoras theorem
AD² = AE² + ED²

Hence, the van is 4.47 km from its initial point
Answer:
The second trumpeter will be playing at frequency = 515 Hz
Explanation: Given that the note sounds lower and they can hear 20 beats in 4.0 s.
Beat frequency = 20/4 = 5 Hz
Beat frequency = F2 - F1
5 = 520 - F1
F1 = 520 - 5
F1 = 515 Hz
Since the note sound lower, the second trumpeter will be playing at 515 Hz frequency
That's unaccelerated motion,
and constant velocity.
Vector 1 has components


and vector 2 has


Add these vectors to get the resultant, which has components


The magnitude of the resultant is

with direction
such that

or about 50º N of E.