Which of these redox reactions is spontaneous as written?

How many atoms are in 4H3BO3

maksim [4K]

1 mole of h3bo3...........6.023*10²³ each h and B and 0 so we will have 3hydrogen+ 1 B+3 oxygen = 7*6.023*10²³ atoms

1 mole .......7*6.023*10²³atoms

4 moles ........x atoms

x=4*7*6.023*10²³.

3 0

3 years ago

lassify these bonds as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent. Ionic Polar covalent Nonpolar covalent

jarptica [38.1K]

The question is incomplete, complete question is:

Classify these bonds as ionic, polar covalent, or nonpolar covalent.

Na-F

P-Cl

Cl-Cl

Answer:

Na-F : The bond present is ionic bond.

PCl : The bond present is polar covalent bond.

ClCl : The bond present is non polar covalent bond.

Explanation:

1) Ionic bonds are defined as the bonds which are formed by the complete transfer of electrons from cation (positively charged ions) to anion (negatively charged ions). For Example: NaCl, $BaSO_4$ etc.

Ionic compound :This compound is formed when difference in electronegativity between the atoms is very large.

2) Covalent bond is defined as the bond which is formed by the sharing of electrons between the atoms. For Example: HCl, $CH_4$ etc.

Polar covalent compound: This compound is formed when difference in electronegativity between the atoms is present. When atoms of different elements combine, it results in the formation of polar covalent bond. For Example: $CO_2,NO_2$ etc..

Non-polar covalent compound: This compound is formed when there is no difference in electronegativity between the atoms. When atoms of the same element combine, it results in the formation of non-polar covalent bond. For Example: $N_2,O_2$ etc.

Na-F : Two different atoms with high electronegativity difference

Ionic compound because sodium is metal and fluorine is non metal and the difference between their electronegativity is very large.The bond present is ionic bond.

PCl : Two different atoms with low electronegativity difference

Polar covalent compound because phosphorus and fluorine both are non metal and the difference between their electronegativity is not very large.The bond present is polar covalent bond.

ClCl : Two same atoms with nil electronegativity difference.

Non Polar covalent compound because both are chlorine atom (non metal) and the difference between their electronegativity is zero.The bond present is non polar covalent bond.

5 0

3 years ago

View Available Hint(s) Check all that apply. Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an NN, OO, or

Sauron [17]

Answer:

Hydrogen bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to an NN, OO, or FF atom.

A hydrogen atom acquires a partial positive charge when it is covalently bonded to an FF atom.

A hydrogen bond is possible with only certain hydrogen-containing compounds.

Explanation:

A hydrogen bond does not occur in all hydrogen containing compounds. Hydrogen bonds only occur in those compounds where hydrogen is bonded to a highly electronegative element such as fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen.

In a hydrogen bonded specie, hydrogen acquires a partial positive charge and the electronegative element acquires a partial negative charge which extends throughout the molecule.

7 0

4 years ago

How many liters of hydrogen gas will be produced at STP from the reaction of 7.179 x 1023 atoms of magnesium with 54.21 g of pho

wlad13 [49]

<h3>Answer:</h3>

18.58 liters of hydrogen gas

<h3>Explanation:</h3>

We are given;

The equation;

3Mg + 2H₃(PO₄) → Mg₃(PO₄)₂ + 3H₂

Atoms of Magnesium = 7.179 x 10^23 atoms
Mass of phosphoric acid as 54.21 g

We are required to determine the volume of hydrogen gas produced;

Step 1; moles of Magnesium

1 mole of an element contains 6.02 × 10^23 atoms

therefore;

Moles of Mg = (7.179 x 10^23 ) ÷ (6.02 × 10^23)

= 1.193 moles

Step 2: Moles of phosphoric acid

moles = Mass ÷ Molar mass

Molar mass of phosphoric acid = 97.994 g/mol

Therefore;

Moles of Phosphoric acid = 54.21 g ÷ 97.994 g/mol

= 0.553 moles

Step 3: Determine the rate limiting reagent

From the mole ratio of Mg to Phosphoric acid (3 : 2);

1.193 moles of magnesium requires 0.795 moles of phosphoric acid while,

0.0553 moles of phosphoric acid requires 0.8295 moles of Mg

Therefore, phosphoric acid is the rate limiting reagent

step 4: Determine the moles of hydrogen produced

From the equation, w moles of phosphoric acid reacts to produce 3 moles of hydrogen;

Therefore; moles of Hydrogen = moles of phosphoric acid × 3/2

= 0.553 moles × 3/2

= 0.8295 moles

Step 5: Volume of hydrogen gas

1 mole of a gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters at STP

Therefore;

Volume of Hydrogen = 0.8295 moles × 22.4 L/mol

= 18.58 Liters

Therefore; 18.58 liters of hydrogen gas will be produced

4 0

3 years ago

How do cells reproduce? ∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵∵

lora16 [44]

Answer:

Cells divide to reproduce. There are two primary methods used, one for somatic cells, which compose the organism’s body, and one for reproductive cells, or gametes.

Scientists call the process of somatic cell division mitosis. Mitosis has six distinct steps in which the cell organizes and copies the DNA in the nucleus. Once copied, each new cell has its own copy of the DNA. The six steps of mitosis are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis. Some authorities consider the non-dividing portion of the cell’s lifecycle, known as interphase, to be one of seven steps involved in mitosis; however, interphase cells are not actively dividing.

Sex cells, such as sperm or eggs, must divide differently. Sex cells only possess one-half of the DNA that makes up a new animal. That way, when they combine, the resulting organism gets half of its DNA from its mother and half from its father. Because sex cells only want half of the DNA in each cell, they go through a different division process called meiosis. In meiosis, the cells split a second time, which yields four daughter cells rather than two as with mitosis; however, this provides each daughter cell with 23 chromosomes in contrast to the 46 chromosomes in somatic cells.

8 0

4 years ago