Explanation:
Given that,
The optical power of the equivalent single lens is 45.4 diopters.
(a) The relationship between the focal length and the focal length is given by:


f = 0.022 m
or
f = 2.2 cm
(b) We need to find how far in front of the retina is this "equivalent lens" located. It is given by using lens formula as :

Here, u = infinity

v = 2.2 cm
So, at 2.2 cm in front of the retina is this "equivalent lens" located.
Hence, this is the required solution.
It holds the atoms together (aka your last option)
Explanation:
(1) Every object moves in a straight line unless acted upon by a force. (2) The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force exerted and inversely proportional to the object's mass. (3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Part 1)
Answer:
Explanation:
As we know by equation of charging of the capacitor we will have

so we will have

here we know that


so we have

Part b)
Answer:
The time will increase.
Explanation:
As we know that on increasing the value of the resistance the the product of the resistance and capacitance will increase so the time will increase to get the above voltage.
Part c)
Answer:
The capacitor discharges through a very low resistance (the lamp filled with ionized gas), and so the discharge time constant is very short. Thus the flash is very brief.
Explanation:
Since the lamp resistance is very small so the energy across the lamp will totally lost in very short interval of time
Part d)
Answer:
Once the lamp has flashed, the stored energy in the capacitor is gone, and there is no source of charge to maintain the lamp current. The lamp "goes out", the lamp resistance increases, and the capacitor starts to recharge. It charges again and the process will repeat.
Explanation:
Since we know that the battery is connected to the given system so after whole energy of capacitor is flashed out it is again charged by the battery and the process will continue