The loss or gain of electrons
Explanation:
The loss or gain of electrons determines if an atom will become a cation or anion.
A cation is a positively charge ion
An anion is a negatively charged ion.
In an atom, we have sub-atomic particles:
Protons are the positively charged particles
Electrons are negatively charged
Neutrons carry no charges
Only electrons can be lost or gained in chemical processes that forms cations and anions.
When a neutral atom gains electron, it has more electrons than protons. This makes it negatively charged and we call it an anion.
When a neutral atom loses an electron, the number of protons is more. We call it a cation.
Learn more:
Cations brainly.com/question/4670413
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...a metal atom will *lose* electrons to form a *positive* cation and a nonmetal atom will *accept* electrons to form an *negative* anion.
Explanation:
At one end, new crusts are being produced, at other end the crust is being destroyed and this strikes a unique balance.
At the mid-ocean ridges, the lithospheric plates are diverging. This is implies that the earth is pulling apart here. When the earth is pulling apart, new materials from the asthenosphere comes to the surface thereby creating new lithospheric plate.
As new plates are formed, they push back against the old one. New plates are found very close to the margin and it begins to age away from the margin.
On the other end, old plates are taken away from this center to ocean trenches. At oceanic trenches subduction is occurring.
In a subduction, the lithospheric plate plunges deep into the asthenosphere where they are being melted back.
This is a covergent margin.
This process continues in a dynamic manner to cycle matter on earth.
learn more:
Sea floor spreading brainly.com/question/9912731
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