Using principles of atomic structure, explain why the atomic radius of Te is less than the ionic radius of Te2− . Photoelectron
spectroscopy data for the 1s sublevel of Te and the 1s sublevel of O are represented below. In terms of Coulomb's law and atomic structure, explain why the peak for O is positioned so far to the right of the peak for Te .
Let us recall that a negative ion is formed by addition of electrons to an atom. When electrons are added to the atom, greater interelectronic repulsion increases the size of the Te^2− hence it is greater in size than Te atom. Therefore, the ionic radius of Te^2− is greater than the atomic radius of Te.
In the second question, oxygen is positioned so far to the right because it has a far smaller nuclear charge compared to Te. Hence in the PES spectrum, the 1s sublevel of oxygen lies far to the right of that of Te.
The molarity of a substance is defined as the number of moles of the substance divided by how many liters the solution is. NaOH has a molar mass of about 40 grams, meaning that 10 grams of it would be 0.25 moles. 0.25/0.25= a molarity of 1.
