We have vector 
Therefore,
x component = 17.9 * cos80 degree = 3.108
y component = 17.9 * sin80 degrees = 17.628
<h3>What is a vector?</h3>
An object with both magnitude and direction is referred to be a vector. A vector can be visualized geometrically as a directed line segment, with an arrow pointing in the direction and a length equal to the magnitude of the vector. The vector points in a direction from its tail to its head.
If the magnitude and direction of two vectors match, they are the same vector. This shows that if we move a vector to a different location without rotating it, the final vector will be the same as the initial vector. The vectors that denote force and velocity are two examples. The direction of force and velocity are both fixed. The size of the vector would represent the force's strength or the velocity's corresponding speed.
To know more about vectors, visit:
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The center of mass is given with this formula:

Velocity is:

So, for the velocity of the center of mass we have:

In our case it is:
The added weight of the sand puts more downward pressure on the wheels contacting the rails, which would cause the trains speed to decrease.
Answer:
14.2 m
Explanation:
Using conservation of energy:
PE at top = KE at bottom
mgh = ½ mv²
h = v² / (2g)
h = (16.7 m/s)² / (2 × 9.8 m/s²)
h = 14.2 m
Using kinematics:
Given:
v₀ = 16.7 m/s
v = 0 m/s
a = -9.8 m/s²
Find: Δy
v² = v₀² + 2aΔy
(0 m/s)² = (16.7 m/s)² + 2 (-9.8 m/s²) Δy
Δy = 14.2 m