They are all biotic factors, meaning they were once alive or were alive. (an abiotic factor is something that has never lived.) hope this helped.
Lithium, Sodium, Potassium; any of the Alkali Metals, which are farthest left on the periodic table. This is because they only have one electron in their outermost shell, so they would rather lose an electron rather than try to gain 7 to achieve that full outer shell.
Answer: Absorption. The transfer of energy carried by light waves to particles of matter.
Explanation:
Answer:
0.086
Explanation:
The formula for calculating the fraction of a covalent bond can be expressed as:
= exp (-0.25ΔE²)
![= exp[-0.25(E_{Al}-E_{p})^2]---(1)](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%3D%20exp%5B-0.25%28E_%7BAl%7D-E_%7Bp%7D%29%5E2%5D---%281%29)
from the equation above;
= the electronegativity of aluminum
= electronegativity of phosphorus
Using the data from periodic table figures;
= 1.5
= 2.1
∴
fraction of the covalent = exp[-0.25(1.5 - 2.1)²]
fraction of the covalent = exp(-0.09)
fraction of the covalent = 0.914
Now, the fraction of ionic bond will be = 1 - the fraction of covalent bond
= 1 - 0.914
∴
the fraction of bond that is ionic = 0.086