Answer:
A. ΔG° = 132.5 kJ
B. ΔG° = 13.69 kJ
C. ΔG° = -58.59 kJ
Explanation:
Let's consider the following reaction.
CaCO₃(s) → CaO(s) + CO₂(g)
We can calculate the standard enthalpy of the reaction (ΔH°) using the following expression.
ΔH° = ∑np . ΔH°f(p) - ∑nr . ΔH°f(r)
where,
n: moles
ΔH°f: standard enthalpy of formation
ΔH° = 1 mol × ΔH°f(CaO(s)) + 1 mol × ΔH°f(CO₂(g)) - 1 mol × ΔH°f(CaCO₃(s))
ΔH° = 1 mol × (-635.1 kJ/mol) + 1 mol × (-393.5 kJ/mol) - 1 mol × (-1206.9 kJ/mol)
ΔH° = 178.3 kJ
We can calculate the standard entropy of the reaction (ΔS°) using the following expression.
ΔS° = ∑np . S°p - ∑nr . S°r
where,
S: standard entropy
ΔS° = 1 mol × S°(CaO(s)) + 1 mol × S°(CO₂(g)) - 1 mol × S°(CaCO₃(s))
ΔS° = 1 mol × (39.75 J/K.mol) + 1 mol × (213.74 J/K.mol) - 1 mol × (92.9 J/K.mol)
ΔS° = 160.6 J/K. = 0.1606 kJ/K.
We can calculate the standard Gibbs free energy of the reaction (ΔG°) using the following expression.
ΔG° = ΔH° - T.ΔS°
where,
T: absolute temperature
<h3>A. 285 K</h3>
ΔG° = ΔH° - T.ΔS°
ΔG° = 178.3 kJ - 285K × 0.1606 kJ/K = 132.5 kJ
<h3>B. 1025 K</h3>
ΔG° = ΔH° - T.ΔS°
ΔG° = 178.3 kJ - 1025K × 0.1606 kJ/K = 13.69 kJ
<h3>C. 1475 K</h3>
ΔG° = ΔH° - T.ΔS°
ΔG° = 178.3 kJ - 1475K × 0.1606 kJ/K = -58.59 kJ
Answer : 51.8 g of nitrogen are needed to produce 100 grams of ammonia gas.
Solution : Given,
Mass of
= 100 g
Molar mass of
= 27 g/mole
Molar mass of
= 28 g/mole
First we have to calculate moles of
.

The given balanced chemical reaction is,

From the given reaction, we conclude that
2 moles of
produced from 1 mole of 
3.7 moles of
produced from
of 
Now we have to calculate the mass of
.
Mass of
= Moles of
× Molar mass of 
Mass of
= 1.85 mole × 28 g/mole = 51.8 g
Therefore, 51.8 g of nitrogen are needed to produce 100 grams of ammonia gas.
Molarity = moles of solute / liters of solution
M = 0.5 / 0.05
M = 10.0 mol/L⁻¹
hope this helps!
Yes, the chemical reaction occurs because new substance is formed and heat energy is released.
<h3>
What is chemical reaction?</h3>
Chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances i.e. the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances i.e. the products so we can conclude that the chemical reaction occurs because new substance is formed and heat energy is released.
Learn more about chemical reaction here: brainly.com/question/11231920