I believe they are called Energy Levels or Energy Orbitals.
Excuse me not giving an explanation; I haven't even learned chemistry before. I usually give explanations for math/english.
I think it would be for flourine: 7
aluminum: 8
can't help with the rest...
sorry!
We will assume that the solvent is water. So, if we have 100 grams of the solution, 19 grams will be sodium hydroxide, while the remaining 81 grams will be water.
The molar weight of sodium hydroxide, NaOH, is 40. The molar weight of water is 18. Finding the moles of each:
NaOH:
19 / 40 = 0.475
Water:
81 / 18 = 4.5
Total moles present:
4.5 + 0.475 = 4.975 moles
The mole fraction of NaOH is:
0.475 / 4.975 = 0.0955
The mole fraction of NaOH is 0.0955