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According to the <u>Third Kepler’s Law of Planetary motion</u> “<em>The square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis (size) of its orbit”.</em>
In other words, this law states a relation between the orbital period 
of a body (moon, planet, satellite) orbiting a greater body in space with the size 
of its orbit.
This Law is originally expressed as follows:
<h2>
(1)
</h2>
Where;
is the Gravitational Constant and its value is 
is the mass of Jupiter
is the semimajor axis of the orbit Io describes around Jupiter (assuming it is a circular orbit, the semimajor axis is equal to the radius of the orbit)
If we want to find the period, we have to express equation (1) as written below and substitute all the values:
<h2>
(2)
</h2>
Then:
<h2>
(3)
</h2>
Which is the same as:
<h2>
</h2>
Therefore, the answer is:
The orbital period of Io is 42.482 h
*heat transfer energy, As it always flow from higher temperature to lower temperature till it reach the thermal equilibrium.
example: -friction.
- collisions.
- the hot cup which's hotter than your hand✋will transfer heat in your hand. and a cold piece of ice which's colder than your hand to causing the heat transfer out of your hand .
*temperature ️ depends on the move of particle and we have a different shape of motion like:
translational motion.
rotational motion.
vibrational motion.
when the temperature:
increases it has more kinetic energy and faster moving particles and the object expanded which known as (thermal expansion).
decreases it has less kinetic energy and slower moving particles.
As kinetic energy is 1/2 mV².
example: -the mercury in thermometers.
*Absolute zero :
The theoretical temperature at which substances possess no thermal energy, equal to 0 K, −273.15°C, or −459.67°F.
*specific heat "c" :
is essentially a measure of how thermally insensitive a substance is to the addition of energy.
c=Q/m∆T
where Q is energy .
note water has a higher specific heat, and lower temperature.
*conduction <em><u>example</u></em> When the stove is turned on, the skillet becomes very hot due to the conduction of heat from the burner to the skillet.
This is due to earths location in the solar system. Earth is in the habitat zone or the Goldie locks zone, in this zone it's not too hot or not too cold for water to exist. Other planets in different star systems have liquid oceans due to them being in the habitat zone.
