Answer:
(a) Surface energy is greater than grain boundary energy due to the fact that the bonds of the atoms on the surface are lower than those of the atoms at the grain boundary. The energy is also directly proportional to the number of bonds created.
(b) The energy of a high-angle grain boundary is higher than that of a small-angle grain boundary because the high-angle grain boundary has a higher misalignment and smaller number of bonds than a small-angle grain boundary.
Explanation:
(a) Surface energy is greater than grain boundary energy due to the fact that the bonds of the atoms on the surface are lower than those of the atoms at the grain boundary. The energy is also directly proportional to the number of bonds created.
(b) The energy of a high-angle grain boundary is higher than that of a small-angle grain boundary because the high-angle grain boundary has a higher misalignment and smaller number of bonds than a small-angle grain boundary.
Answer:
W= 8120 KJ
Explanation:
Given that
Process is isothermal ,it means that temperature of the gas will remain constant.
T₁=T₂ = 400 K
The change in the entropy given ΔS = 20.3 KJ/K
Lets take heat transfer is Q ,then entropy change can be written as
Now by putting the values
Q= 20.3 x 400 KJ
Q= 8120 KJ
The heat transfer ,Q= 8120 KJ
From first law of thermodynamics
Q = ΔU + W
ΔU =Change in the internal energy ,W=Work
Q=Heat transfer
For ideal gas ΔU = m Cv ΔT]
At constant temperature process ,ΔT= 0
That is why ΔU = 0
Q = ΔU + W
Q = 0+ W
Q=W= 8120 KJ
Work ,W= 8120 KJ
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Answer:
293 kg
Explanation:
Let's say the tension in each cable is Tb, Tc, and Td.
First, find the length of cable AD:
r = √(2² + 2² + 1²)
r = 3
Using similar triangles:
Tdx = 2/3 Td
Tdy = 2/3 Td
Tdz = 1/3 Td
Sum of the forces in the x direction:
∑F = ma
Tb − 2/3 Td = 0
Td = 3/2 Tb
Sum of the forces in the y direction:
∑F = ma
2/3 Td − Tc = 0
Td = 3/2 Tc
Sum of the forces in the z direction:
∑F = ma
1/3 Td − mg = 0
Td = 3mg
From the first two equations, we know Td is greater than Tb or Tc. So we need to set Td to 8.6 kN, or 8600 N.
8600 N = 3mg
m = 8600 N / (3 × 9.8 m/s²)
m ≈ 292.5 kg
Rounded to three significant figures, the maximum mass of the crate is 293 kg.
