<span>It is the valence orbit that controls the electrical properties of the atom. The valence electron is referred to as a "free electron.' Valence electrons have the highest energy of all electrons in an atom; they are also the most reactive, meaning they are usually the electrons involved in bonding. When silicon atoms combine to form a solid, they arrange themselves into an orderly pattern called a crystal.</span>
I believe that when a nucleus undergoes a nuclear decay by gamma rays the atomic number of element remains the same. Atomic number is the number of protons of a given atom of an element. Gamma decay unlike alpha and beta decay does not have an effect on the mass number and atomic number of an atom.
I would say that Niven would have to calculate the atomic weights of Mg and O and then the total weight of MgO to get the percent of oxygen and then that way get a proportionate amount of the 28 grams of oxygen required to bond with the Mg and then add together the weight of Mg which would be 28.0 grams plus the weight of oxygen.
B) Cu(OH) 2 Is the resulting answer when H20 is decomposed.
PH becomes lower when the H+ ion concentration increases.
<span>pH becomes higher when the H+ ion concentration decreases. </span>
<span>pH becomes lower when the OH- ion concentration decreases. </span>
pH becomes higher when the OH- ion concentration increases.
Hope this helps!
