Rick Maurer i think that’s how you spell his last name
Answer:
See detailed answer with explanation below.
Explanation:
Valence electrons are electrons found on the outermost shell of an atom. They are the electrons in an atom that participate in chemical combination. Recall that the outermost shell of an atom is also referred to as its valence shell. Let us consider an example; if we look at the atom, sodium-11, its electronic configuration is 2,8,1. The last one electron is the valence electron of sodium which is found in its outermost or valence shell.
Positive ions are formed when electrons are lost from the valence shell of an atom. For instance, if the outermost electron in sodium is lost, we now form the sodium ion Na^+ which is a positive ion. Positive ions possess less number of electrons compared to their corresponding atoms.
Negative ions are formed when one or more electrons is added to the valence shell of an atom. A negative ion possesses more electrons than its corresponding atom. For example, chlorine(Cl) contains 17 electrons but the chloride ion (Cl^-) contains 18 electrons.
In molecular compounds, a bond is formed when two electrons are shared between the bonding atoms. Each bonding atom may contribute one of the shared electrons (ordinary covalent bond) or one of the bonding atoms may provide the both shared electrons (coordinate covalent bond). The shared pair may be located at an equidistant position to the nucleus of both atoms. Similarly, the electron may be drawn closer to the nucleus of one atom than the other (polar covalent bond) depending on the electro negativity of the two bonding atoms.
The electrons are shared in order to complete the octet of each atom by so doing, the both bonding atoms now obey the octet rule. For example, two chlorine atoms may come together to form a covalent bond in which each chlorine atom has an octet of electrons on its outermost shell.
Answer:
See figure 1
Explanation:
If we want to find the acid and the Brønsted-Lowry base, we must remember the definition for each of these molecules:
-) Acid: hydrogen donor
-) Base: hydrogen acceptor
In the <u>caffeine structure,</u> we have several atoms of nitrogen. These nitrogen atoms have the ability to <u>accept</u> hydronium ions (
). Therefore the caffeine molecule will be the base since it can accept
If caffeine is the base, the water must be the acid. So, the water in this reaction donated a hydronium ion.
<u>Thus, caffeine is the base and water the acid. (See figure 1)</u>
Determining the identity of substances is a critical part of chemistry because once the substance's identity is known, we can predict its behavior and understand the scenarios that it is involved in better.
For example, consider an industrial pipe where fouling (scaling) is occurring. If the compounds present in the scales are identified, steps may be taken to prevent and remove the scaling. This is one of many examples where identifying chemical substances is of high importance.
Answer:
For eacht 4 moles Fe consumed, we will produce 2 moles Fe2O3
The mole ration is 4:2 (option 1)
Explanation:
Step 1: The unbalanced equation
Fe + O2 → Fe2O3
Step 2: Balancing the equation
Fe + O2 → Fe2O3
On the left side we have 2x O (in O2) and on the right side we have 3x O (in Fe2O3) . To balance the amount of O on both sides, we have to multiply O2 by 3 and Fe2O3 by 2.
Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3
On the left side we have 1x Fe, On the right side we have 4x (in 2Fe2O3). To balance the amount of Fe we have to multiply Fe (on the left side) by 4.
Now the equation is balanced.
4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3
For eacht 4 moles Fe consumed, we will produce 2 moles Fe2O3
The mole ration is 4:2 (option 1)
