1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
erica [24]
3 years ago
10

Consider the reactivity of phenol, bromobenzene, toluene, and nitrobenzene toward electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Chemistry
1 answer:
AlexFokin [52]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The most reactive compound is:<u> Phenol </u>  because the<u> electron donating</u> character of the <u>alcohol group</u> increases the rate of the reaction.

The least reactive compound is <u>nitrobenzene</u>

because the <u>electron withdrawing</u> character of the<u> nitro group</u> decreases the rate of the reaction.

Explanation:

  • PHENOL-: Any of a group of organic compounds with a hydroxyl (OH) group bound to a carbon atom in an aromatic ring is known as phenol. The word phenol is also the basic name for its simplest member, monohydroxybenzene (C6H5OH), also known as benzenol or carbolic acid, in addition to being the common name for the entire family.
  • ELECTRON DONATING CHARACTER-: Via the carbon atom it is bound to, an electron donating group (EDG) has the net effect of increasing electron density in a molecule. EDGs alter a molecule's reactivity by increasing electron density on neighboring carbon atoms: EDGs make nucleophiles stronger.
  • ALCOHOL GROUP-:Each of a class of organic compounds that have one or more hydroxyl (OH) groups bound to an alkyl group's carbon atom (hydrocarbon chain)is called Alcohol. Alcohols are organic compounds of water (H_2O) in which one of the hydrogen atoms has been substituted by an alkyl group, which in organic structures is usually expressed by R.
  • NITROBENZENE-:The organic compound nitrobenzene has the chemical formula (C_6H_5NO_2). It's a pale yellow oil that's insoluble in water and smells like almonds. Greenish-yellow crystals form when it freezes. It is made on a wide scale as a precursor to aniline from benzene. It is sometimes used as a solvent in the laboratory, especially for electrophilic reagents.
  • ELECTRON WITHDRAWING GROUP-: An electron withdrawing group (EWG) is a type of group that reduces electron density in a molecule by bonding to a carbon atom. EWGs alter a molecule's reactivity by reducing electron density on neighboring carbon atoms.
  • NITRO GROUP-: The nitro group is one of the most widely used explosophores (functional groups that combine to form a compound explosive). In addition, the nitro group is a heavy electron-withdrawing group. CH bonds alpha (adjacent) to the nitro group may be acidic due to this property.
You might be interested in
How to find hydrogen ion concentration from molarity of solution
vekshin1

The concentration of the hydrogen ions from molarity can be given with the number of hydrogen atoms in the molecular formula.

<h3>What is molarity?</h3>

Molarity is given as the moles of the solute present in a liters of solution. The compound with the number of hydrogen atoms in the molecular formula with degradation possesses the equivalent concentration of the hydrogen ions.

The compound with molecular formula AH having molarity 2, will produce 2M of hydrogen ions.

Learn more about molarity, here:

brainly.com/question/2817451

#SPJ4

7 0
1 year ago
12. How much mass is in a 3.25-mole sample of NH 4 OH? A. 10.8 g B. 34.0 g C. 35.1 g D. 114 g
Galina-37 [17]

Answer:

D. 114 g

Explanation:

  • NH4OH molecular weight. Molar mass of NH4OH = 35.0458 g/mol This compound is also known as Ammonium Hydroxide.
  • Convert grams NH4OH to moles or moles NH4OH to grams. Molecular weight calculation: 14.0067 + 1.00794*4 + 15.9994 + 1.00794.
8 0
3 years ago
Marcia is given an incomplete chemical equation that includes the number of nitrogen atoms present in the products of the reacti
Anna [14]

Answer: There would have to be three nitrogen atoms in the products. The law of conservation of matter states that the amount of substance before a reaction occurs  should be the same as the amount of substance after the reaction.

Explanation: This is the EXACT sample answer from the test, just reword it if you want. ^

7 0
3 years ago
What is the molarity (molar concentration, unit = M) of K+ found in 200 mL 0.2 M K2HPO4 solution?
enyata [817]

Answer:

0.4 M

Explanation:

The process that takes place in an aqueous K₂HPO₄ solution is:

  • K₂HPO₄ → 2K⁺ + HPO₄⁻²

First we <u>calculate how many K₂HPO₄ moles are there in 200 mL of a 0.2 M solution</u>:

  • 200 mL * 0.2 M = 40 mmol K₂HPO₄

Then we <u>convert K₂HPO₄ moles into K⁺ moles</u>, using the <em>stoichiometric coefficients</em> of the reaction above:

  • 40 mmol K₂HPO₄ * \frac{2mmolK^+}{1mmolK_2HPO_4} = 80 mmol K⁺

Finally we <em>divide the number of K⁺ moles by the volume</em>, to <u>calculate the molarity</u>:

  • 80 mmol K⁺ / 200 mL = 0.4 M
5 0
3 years ago
A 1.59 mol sample of Kr has a volume of 641 mL. How many moles of Kr are in a 4.41 L sample at the same temperature and pressure
Marina86 [1]

Answer:

The correct answer is 10.939 mol ≅ 10.94 mol

Explanation:

According to Avogadro's gases law, the number of moles of an ideal gas (n) at constant pressure and temperature, is directly proportional to the volume (V).

For the initial gas (1), we have:

n₁= 1.59 mol

V₁= 641 mL= 0.641 L

For the final gas (2), we have:

V₂: 4.41 L

The relation between 1 and 2 is given by:

n₁/V₁ = n₂/V₂

We calculate n₂ as follows:

n₂= (n₁/V₁) x V₂ = (1.59 mol/0.641 L) x 4.41 L = 10.939 mol ≅ 10.94 mol

5 0
2 years ago
Other questions:
  • Which of the following numbers is correctly rounded to three significant figures, as shown in brackets?​
    8·1 answer
  • What is the overall charge of an ion Pat has 12 protons 10 electrons and 14 neutrons
    7·1 answer
  • A storage tank contains nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The partial pressure of nitrogen is 0.79 ATM and Oxygen is 0.19 AT
    8·1 answer
  • Help plzzzzz ASAP!!!!!!!!
    8·1 answer
  • 4. What is the common name of the compound CaOCI,?​
    11·1 answer
  • Not easily changed
    12·1 answer
  • Use the idea of diffuseition to explain how the smell of perfume travel​
    13·1 answer
  • Pls hurrry<br>what are greenhouse effect 1 paragraph and come friends
    8·1 answer
  • What is the systematic name of the following compound?
    14·1 answer
  • How many grams of iron can be made with 21.5g of Fe2O3
    6·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!