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dium (a liquid or a gas). This pattern of motion typically consists of random fluctuations in a particle's position inside a fluid sub-domain, followed by a relocation to another sub-domain. Each relocation is followed by more fluctuations within the new closed volume. This pattern describes a fluid at thermal equilibrium, defined by a given temperature. Within such a fluid, there exists no preferential direction of flow (as in transport phenomena). More specifically, the fluid's overall linear and angular momenta remain null over time. The kinetic energies of the molecular Brownian motions, together with those of molecular rotations and vibrations, sum up to the caloric component of a fluid's internal energy (the Equipartition theorem).
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Chemists investigate the properties of matter at the level of atoms and molecules. They measure proportions and reaction rates in order to understand unfamiliar substances and how they behave, or to create new compounds for use in a variety of practical applications.
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<u>A baseball speeds up as it falls through the air.</u>
<u>A bumper car hit by another car moves off at an angle.</u>
<u>A balloon flies across the room when the air is released.</u>
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C. a plane for forming a scientific hypotheses
The balanced chemical reaction is:
<span>C4H8O2 + 2H2--> 2C2H6O
</span>A. How many grams of ethyl alcohol are produced by reaction of 2.7 mol of ethyl acetate with H2? 2.7 mol C4H8O2 ( 2 mol C2H6O / 1 mol C4H8O2) (46.07 g / 1 mol) = 248.78 g ethyl alcohol
B. How many grams of ethyl alcohol are produced by reaction of 13.0g of ethyl acetate with H2?
13.0 g C4H8O2 ( 1 mol / 88.11 g) ( 2 mol C2H6O / 1 mol C4H8O2) (<span>46.07 g / 1 mol) = 13.59 g ethyl alcohol</span>
C. How many grams of H2 are needed to react with 13.0g of ethyl acetate?
13.0 g C4H8O2 ( 1 mol / 88.11 g) ( 2 mol H2 / 1 mol C4H8O2) (2.02 g / 1 mol) = 0.5961 g H2
