Answer:
80%
Explanation:
Thermal efficiency is a measure of the extent to which a heat engine is able to convert to other form. It is measure in percentage.
Thermal efficiency = × 100%
Where is the input energy and
is the output energy.
Given that: = 2400 J and
= 3000 J, therefore:
Thermal efficiency = × 100%
= 80%
The thermal efficiency of the engine is 80%.
Answer:
The figure attached will be helpful to understand the solution.
Here we see two cases, reflection and refraction of light.
According to the laws of reflection:
1. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal are in the same plane.
2. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
<u>*Note the normal is perpendicular to the plane, with a angle with the surface</u>
And this can be visualized in the figure, where the angle with which the incident ray hits the surface is equal to the angle with which this same ray is reflected.
On the other hand we have Refraction, a phenomenon in which the light bends or changes its direction when passing through a medium with a refractive index different from the other medium.
In this context, the Refractive index is a number that describes how fast light propagates through a medium or material.
According to Snell’s Law:
(1)
Where:
is the first medium refractive index (the air)
is the second medium refractive index (the ice)
is the angle of the incident ray
is the angle of the refracted ray
Now, firstly we have to find and then, by geometry, find
and
which sum the <u>angle between the reflected and the refracted light</u>.
Finding from (1):
(2)
Remembering that the Normal makes a angle with the surface, we can say:
(3)
Finding :
(4)
Doing the same with and
:
(5)
Finding :
(6)
Adding both angles (4) and (6):
(7)
>>>This is the angle between the reflected and the refracted light.
Answer:
Conociendo la velocidad inicial del proyectil y el angulo de lanzamiento con respecto ala horizontal.
Explanation:
Para poder anticipar la caída del proyectil es importante conocer la velocidad inicial del proyectil y el angulo de disparo del proyectil con respecto a la horizontal.
A continuación se presenta un diagrama o esquema donde se pueden ver estas variables y se explicaran a la brevedad:
Para poder encontrar el rango que es la máxima distancia horizontal recorrida por el proyectil debemos utilizar la siguiente ecuación:
Para poder encontrar el tiempo debemos utilizar la siguiente ecuación:
En la anterior ecuación, igualamos y = 0, ya que cuando el proyectil cae al suelo la distancia vertical es cero. De esta manera podemos encontrar el tiempo t, ya que conocemos la velocidad inicial del proyectil en la componente y.
Seguidamente reemplazamos t en la primera ecuacion y encontramos la distancia x o el rango.
