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Answer:

Explanation:
From the question we are told that
Nucleus diameter 
a 12C nucleus
Required kinetic energy 
Generally initial speed of proton must be determined,applying the law of conservation of energy we have

where
=initial kinetic energy
=final kinetic energy
=initial electric potential
=final electric potential
mathematically

where
=distance b/w charges
=nucleus charge 
=constant
=proton charge
Generally kinetic energy is know as

Therefore
Generally equation for radius is 
Mathematically solving for radius of nucleus


Generally we can easily solving mathematically substitute into v_1









Therefore the proton must be fired out with a speed of 
Kinetic energy-flashlight, and guitar
potential-coal,and composed spring
The first collision because a greater amount of momentum must be taken and used in order to push the cart back, giving it a greater mass and impulse
Motivation is an encouragement to do or achieve something