An exergonic reaction is a chemical reaction where the change in the free energy is negative (there is a net release of free energy),[1] indicating a spontaneous reaction. For processes that take place under constant pressure and temperature conditions, the Gibbs free energy is used whereas the Helmholtz energy is used for processes that take place under constant volume and temperature conditions.
Symbolically, the release of free energy, G, in an exergonic reaction (at constant pressure and temperature) is denoted as
{\displaystyle \Delta G=G_{\rm {products}}-G_{\rm {reactants}}<0.\,}
Although exergonic reactions are said to occur spontaneously, this does not imply that the reaction will take place at an observable rate. For instance, the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide is very slow in the absence of a suitable catalyst. It has been suggested that eager would be a more intuitive term in this context.[2]
More generally, the terms exergonic and endergonic relate to the free energy change in any process, not just chemical reactions. An example of an exergonic reaction is cellular respiration. This relates to the degrees of freedom as a consequence of entropy, the temperature, and the difference in heat released or absorbed.
By contrast, the terms exothermic and endothermic relate to the overall exchange of heat during a process
The actual yield is 43 g Cl₂.
The <em>limiting reactant was MnO₂</em> because it gave the smaller mass of Cl₂.
∴ The <em>theoretical yield</em> is 60.25 g Cl₂.
% yield = actual yield/theoretical yield × 100 %
Actual yield = theoretical yield × (% yield/100 %) = 60.25 g × (72 %/100%) = 43 g
Answer: 3.6 L = 3600
Explanation: 3.6 L = 360 mL has a mistake. He multiplied by 100 instead of 1000.
