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pogonyaev
3 years ago
13

Al colocar unos trocitos de zinc en un tubo de ensayo, agregamos 2 mL de acido clorhídrico. El Zinc sustituye el hidrogeno del a

cido para formar una sal (ZnCl2) con el cloro Zn+2HCl-- ZnCl2 +H2 El nombre correcto de esta sal en la nomenclatura sistemática es
Chemistry
1 answer:
Rudik [331]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

DICLORURO DE ZINC

Explanation:

La ecuación es:

Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq)  →  ZnCl₂ (aq) +H₂ (g)

El zinc reacciona en una reacción redox con el acido clorhídrico para formar una sal y liberar el hidrogeno gaseoso.

Se trata de una reacción redox porque el hidrógeno se reduce (disminuye el numero de oxidación, de -1 a 0, en su estado fundamental), mientras que el Zn se oxida (el numero de oxidación aumenta de 0 a +2).

Como la sal se forma con dos atomos de cloro, se denomina dicloruro por lo que el nombre correcto de la sal en nomenclatura sistemática es:

- DICLORURO DE ZINC

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"How much NH4Cl, when present in 2.00 liters of 0.200 M ammonia, will give a solution with pH = 8.20? For NH3, Kb = 1.8 x 10-5"
Andru [333]

Answer:

245.66g of NH₄Cl is the mass we need to add to obtain the desire pH

Explanation:

The mixture of NH3/NH4Cl produce a buffer. We can find the pH of a buffer using H-H equation:

pH = pKa + log [A⁻] / [HA]

<em>Where [A⁻] is the molar concentration of the base, NH₃, and [HA] molar concentration of the acid, NH₄⁺. This molar concentration can be taken as the moles of each chemical</em>

<em />

First, we need to find pKa of NH₃ using Kb. Then, the moles of NH₃ and finally replace these values in H-H equation to solve moles of NH₄Cl we need to obtain the desire pH.

  • <em>pKa NH₃/NH₄⁺</em>

pKb = - log Kb

pKb = -log 1.8x10⁻⁵ = <em>4.74</em>

pKa = 14 - pKb

pKa = 14 - 4.74

pKa = 9.26

  • <em>Moles NH₃</em>

<em>2.00L ₓ (0.200mol NH₃ / L) = 0.400 moles NH₃</em>

  • <em>H-H equation:</em>

pH = pKa + log [NH₃] / [NH₄Cl]

8.20 = 9.26 + log [0.400 moles] / [NH₄Cl]

-1.06 =  log [0.400 moles] / [NH₄Cl]

0.0087 =  [0.400 moles] / [NH₄Cl]

[NH₄Cl] = 0.400 moles / 0.0087

[NH₄Cl] = 4.59 moles of NH₄Cl we need to add to original solution to obtain a pH of 8.20. In grams (Using molar mass NH₄Cl=53.491g/mol):

4.59 moles NH₄Cl ₓ (53.491g / mol) =

<h3>245.66g of NH₄Cl is the mass we need to add to obtain the desire pH</h3>

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3 0
3 years ago
A covalent chemical bond is one in which
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3 years ago
When salt is dissolved in water, what happens to the water
choli [55]

Answer:

<em>When salt is dissolved in water</em>, many physical properties change, among them the so called colligative properties:

  • The vapor pressure of water decreases,
  • The boiling point increases,
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  • Osmotic pressure appears.

Explanation:

Colligative properties are the physical properties of the solvents whose change is determined by the number of particles (moles or ions) of the solute added.

The colligative properties are: vapor pressure, boiling point, freezing point, and osmotic pressure.

<u>Vapor pressure</u>:

The vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by the vapor of a lquid over its surface, in a closed vessel.

The vapor pressure increases when a solute is added, because the presence of the solute causes less solvent molecules to be near the surface ready to escape to the vapor phase, which means that the vapor pressure is lower.

<u>Boiling point</u>:

The boiling point is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the atmospheric pressure. Since we have seen that the vapor pressure of water decreases when a solute occupies part of the surface, now more temperature will be required for the water molecules reach the atmospheric pressure. So, the boiling point increases when salt is dissolved in water.

<u>Freezing point</u>:

The freezing point is the temperarute at which the vapor pressure of the liquid and the solid are equal. Since, the vapor pressure of water with salt is lower than that of the pure water, the vapor pressure of the liquid and solid with salt will be equal at a lower temperature. Hence, the freezing point is lower (decreases).

<u>Osmotic pressure</u>:

Osmotic pressure is the additional pressure that must be exerted over a solution to make that the vapor pressure of the solvent in the solution equals the vapor pressure of the pure solvent. This additional pressure is proportional to the concentration of the solute: the higher the salt concentration the higher the osmotic pressure.

6 0
3 years ago
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