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Dafna11 [192]
2 years ago
14

The cylinder with piston locked in place is immersed in a mixture of ice and water and allowed to come to thermal equilibrium wi

ththe mixture. The piston is then moved inward very slowly, that thegas is always in thermal equilibrium with the ice-water mixture,what happens to the following(increase, decrease, same)?
a. volume of gas
b. temperature of gas
c. internal energy of gas,
d. pressure of gas
Physics
1 answer:
lukranit [14]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

a. volume of gas:  (decreases)

b. temperature of gas:  (same)

c. internal energy of gas: (same)

d. pressure of gas: (increases)

Explanation:

We have a gas (let's suppose that is ideal) in a piston with a fixed volume V.

Then we put in a reservoir at 0°C (the mixture of water and ice)

remember that the state equation for an ideal gas is:

P*V = n*R*T

and:

U = c*n*R*T

where:

P = pressure

V = volume

n = number of mols

R = constant

c = constant

T = temperature.

Now, we have equilibrium at T = 0°C, then we can assume that T is also a constant.

Then in the equation:

P*V = n*R*T

all the terms in the left side are constants.

P*V = constant

And knowing that:

U = c*n*R*T

then:

n*R*T = U/c

We can replace it in the other equation to get:

P*V = U/c = constant.

Now, the piston is (slowly) moving inwards, then:

a) Volume of the gas: as the piston moves inwards, the volume where the gas can be is smaller, then the volume of the gas decreases.

b) temperature of the gas: we know that the gas is a thermal equilibrium with the mixture (this happens because we are in a slow process) then the temperature of the gas does not change.

c) Internal energy of the gas:

we have:

P*V = n*R*T = constant

and:

P*V = U/c = constant.

Then:

U = c*Constant

This means that the internal energy does not change.

d) Pressure of the gas:

Here we can use the relation:

P*V = constant

then:

P = (constant)/V

Now, if V decreases, the denominator in that equation will be smaller. We know that if we decrease the value of the denominator, the value of the quotient increases.

And the quotient is equal to P.

Then if the volume decreases, we will see that the pressure increases.

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From the question we are told that

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A very small object with mass 8.30×10-9 kg and positive charge 6.90×10-9 C is projected directly toward a very large insulating
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5 0
2 years ago
Use the information below to answer questions
Ulleksa [173]

Answer:

The charges are q₁  = 2 × 10⁻⁸ C and  q₂ = 3 × 10⁻⁸ C

Explanation:

Here is the complete question

Two identical tiny balls have charge q1 and q2. The repulsive force one exerts on the other when they are 20cm apart is 1.35 X 10-4 N. after the balls are touched together and then represented once again to 20cm, now the repulsive force is found to be 1.40 X 10-4 N. find the charges q1 and q2.

Solution

The force F = 1.35 × 10⁻⁴ N when the charges are separated a distance of r = 20 cm = 0.2 m is given by

F = kq₁q₂/r₁²

q₁q₂ = Fr₁²/k

q₁q₂ = 1.35 × 10⁻⁴ N × (0.2 m)²/9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² = 0.054/9 × 10⁻¹³ C² = 0.006 × 10⁻¹³ C² = 6 × 10⁻¹⁶ C²

q₁q₂ = 6 × 10⁻¹⁶ C² (1)

When the charges are brought together, the charge is now q = (q₁ + q₂)/2

The new repulsive force F = 1.406 × 10⁻⁴ N  at a distance of r₂ = 20 cm = 0.2 m is then

F₂ = kq²/r₂²

q² = F₂r₂²/k = 1.406 × 10⁻⁴ N × (0.2 m)²/9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² = 0.00625 × 10⁻¹³ C² = 6.25 × 10⁻¹⁶ C²

q² = 6.25 × 10⁻¹⁶ C²

q = √(6.25 × 10⁻¹⁶) C

q = 2.5 × 10⁻⁸ C

(q₁ + q₂)/2 =  2.5 × 10⁻⁸ C

(q₁ + q₂) = 2 × 2.5 × 10⁻⁸ C

q₁ + q₂ = 5 × 10⁻⁸ C (2)

q₁  = 5 × 10⁻⁸ C - q₂  (3)

Substituting equation (3) into (1), we have

(5 × 10⁻⁸ C - q₂)q₂ = 6 × 10⁻¹⁶ C²

Expanding the bracket, we have

(5 × 10⁻⁸ C)q₂ - q₂² = 6 × 10⁻¹⁶ C²

So, q₂² - (5 × 10⁻⁸ C)q₂ + 6 × 10⁻¹⁶ C² = 0

Using the quadratic formula to find q₂

q_{2} = \frac{-(-5 X 10^{-8} )+/- \sqrt{(-5 X 10^{-8} )^{2} - 4X1X6 X 10^{-16} } }{2X1}\\  = \frac{5 X 10^{-8} )+/- \sqrt{25 X 10^{-16}  - 24 X 10^{-16} } }{2}\\= \frac{5 X 10^{-8} )+/- \sqrt{1 X 10^{-16} } }{2}\\= \frac{5 X 10^{-8} )+/- 1 X 10^{-8} }{2}\\= \frac{5 X 10^{-8} + 1 X 10^{-8} }{2} or \frac{5 X 10^{-8}  - 1 X 10^{-8} }{2}\\= \frac{6 X 10^{-8} }{2} or \frac{4 X 10^{-8}}{2}\\= 3 X 10^{-8} C or 2 X 10^{-8} C

q₁  = 5 × 10⁻⁸ C - q₂

q₁  = 5 × 10⁻⁸ C - 3 × 10⁻⁸ C or 5 × 10⁻⁸ C - 2 × 10⁻⁸ C

q₁  = 2 × 10⁻⁸ C or 3 × 10⁻⁸ C

So the charges are q₁  = 2 × 10⁻⁸ C and  q₂ = 3 × 10⁻⁸ C

5 0
3 years ago
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