Concentrating solar power (CSP) plants use mirrors to concentrate the sun's energy to drive traditional steam turbines or engines that create electricity. The thermal energy concentrated in a CSP plant can be stored and used to produce electricity when it is needed, day or night. Today, roughly 1,815 megawatts (MWac) of CSP plants are in operation in the United States.
Parabolic Trough
Parabolic trough systems use curved mirrors to focus the sun’s energy onto a receiver tube that runs down the center of a trough. In the receiver tube, a high-temperature heat transfer fluid (such as a synthetic oil) absorbs the sun’s energy, reaching temperatures of 750°F or higher, and passes through a heat exchanger to heat water and produce steam. The steam drives a conventional steam turbine power system to generate electricity. A typical solar collector field contains hundreds of parallel rows of troughs connected as a series of loops, which are placed on a north-south axis so the troughs can track the sun from east to west. Individual collector modules are typically 15-20 feet tall and 300-450 feet long.
Compact Linear Fresnel Reflector
CLFR uses the principles of curved-mirror trough systems, but with long parallel rows of lower-cost flat mirrors. These modular reflectors focus the sun's energy onto elevated receivers, which consist of a system of tubes through which water flows. The concentrated sunlight boils the water, generating high-pressure steam for direct use in power generation and industrial steam applications.
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Answer:
All Brake lights are dimmer than normal because high resistance in the brake switch could be the cause according to Technician B.
Explanation:
According to Technician A
When the bulb is faulty then no current will flow through bulb and it will be open circuit.So no light will produce in bulb .
According to Technician B
When a high resistance inserted in series circuit the voltage across each resistance is reduced and this cause the light glow dimly.
Formula of resistance in series circuit
Rt=r1+r2+r3......
Answer:
The principal stresses are σp1 = 27 ksi, σp2 = -37 ksi and the shear stress is zero
Explanation:
The expression for the maximum shear stress is given:
Where
σx = stress in vertical plane = 20 ksi
σy = stress in horizontal plane = -30 ksi
τM = 32 ksi
Replacing:
Solving for τxy:
τxy = ±19.98 ksi
The principal stress is:
Where
σp1 = 20 ksi
σp2 = -30 ksi
(equation 1)
equation 2
Solving both equations:
σp1 = 27 ksi
σp2 = -37 ksi
The shear stress on the vertical plane is zero
