Answer:
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Frequency is represented by f in the formula v=fπ. Where π is wavelength , f is frequency and v is velocity. Frequency is the number of waves passing per unit time.
The enthalpy change of the reaction below (ΔHr×n , in kJ) using the bond energies provided. CO(g) + Cl₂(g) → Cl₂CO(g). is - 108kJ.
The bond energies data is given as follows:
BE for C≡O = 1072 kJ/mol
BE for Cl-Cl = 242 kJ/mol
BE for C-Cl = 328 kJ/mol
BE for C=O = 766 kJ/mol
The enthalpy change for the reaction is given as :
ΔHr×n = ∑H reactant bond - ∑H product bond
ΔHr×n = ( BE C≡O + BE Cl-Cl) - ( BE C=O + BE 2 × Cl-Cl )
ΔHr×n = ( 1072 + 242 ) - ( 766 + 656 )
ΔHr×n = 1314 - 1422
ΔHr×n = - 108 kJ
Thus, The enthalpy change of the reaction below ( ΔHr×n , in kJ) using the bond energies provided. CO(g) + Cl₂(g) → Cl₂CO(g). is - 108kJ.
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Answer:
Given:
Mass = 14.0 g
Density (
) = 1.38 g/cm³
To Find:
Volume (V)of the plastic used to make water bottle
Explanation:
Formula:
Substituting value of m & density in the formula:
Volume of the plastic used to make water bottle = 10.14 cm³
Answers and Explanation:
a)- The chemical equation for the corresponden equilibrium of Ka1 is:
2. HNO2(aq)⇌H+(aq)+NO−2
Because Ka1 correspond to a dissociation equilibrium. Nitrous acid (HNO₂) losses a proton (H⁺) and gives the monovalent anion NO₂⁻.
b)- The relation between Ka and the free energy change (ΔG) is given by the following equation:
ΔG= ΔGº + RT ln Q
Where T is the temperature (T= 25ºc= 298 K) and R is the gases constant (8.314 J/K.mol)
At the equilibrium: ΔG=0 and Q= Ka. So, we can calculate ΔGº by introducing the value of Ka:
⇒ 0 = ΔGº + RT ln Ka
ΔGº= - RT ln Ka
ΔGº= -8.314 J/K.mol x 298 K x ln (4.5 10⁻⁴)
ΔGº= 19092.8 J/mol
c)- According to the previous demonstation, at equilibrium ΔG= 0.
d)- In a non-equilibrium condition, we have Q which is calculated with the concentrations of products and reactions in a non equilibrium state:
ΔG= ΔGº + RT ln Q
Q= ((H⁺) (NO₂⁻))/(HNO₂)
Q= ( (5.9 10⁻² M) x (6.7 10⁻⁴ M) ) / (0.21 M)
Q= 1.88 10⁻⁴
We know that ΔGº= 19092.8 J/mol, so:
ΔG= ΔGº + RT ln Q
ΔG= 19092.8 J/mol + (8.314 J/K.mol x 298 K x ln (1.88 10⁻⁴)
ΔG= -2162.4 J/mol
Notice that ΔG<0, so the process is spontaneous in that direction.
