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3 years ago

Can anyone explain dipoles in chemistry?

Chemistry

1 answer:

slavikrds [6]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

A dipole refers to a bond in which its two ends have opposite charges. A dipole results from a large difference in electronegativity between two atoms in a bond.

For instance, consider the bond between hydrogen and chlorine in HCl. The electronegativity of hydrogen is 2.2 while that of chlorine is 3.16. The significant electronegativity difference between the two atoms leads to a charge separation.

A partial positive charge appears on the atom that is less electronegative (hydrogen) while a negative charge appears on the more electronegative atom (chlorine).

This charge separation occurs because the shared electrons of the bond are more closely attracted to chlorine making it partially negative compared to hydrogen. A dipole moment now exists in the H-Cl bond hence the molecule is said to have a dipole.

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Choose all that apply. Solids, liquids, and gases can be distinguished by their:molecular weight shape temperature kinetic energ

vesna_86 [32]

So, we have:
- molecular weight
- shape
- temperature
- kinetic energy
- mass
- density

Let's rule out the different options.
- molecular weight: Say you have a molecule of H2O. H2O can be a solid, liquid, or gas, but its molecular weight never changes throughout (It's still the same molecule, no matter what phase it is in). We can rule this out.

- shape: Let's pretend we have three identical closed containers, and we fill each one halfway with water, blocks of ice cubes, and water vapor. In the container with water, you will see that the water takes the shape of the container, but doesn't fill the entire container up. The ice cubes will stay ice cubes, assuming they don't melt, so they don't take the shape of the container. The vapor will fill up the entire container. Since all three are different, I would say yes, this could be a distinguishable feature.

- temperature: In general, I would say no, because every element/molecule has different boiling points and different vaporization points. So if you have a liquid at 5°C, you could also have a different element in solid form at 5°C. But if you're comparing a single type of molecule, it would have a boiling point and a vaporization point, so you <em>would</em> be able to tell between them.

- kinetic energy: Kinetic energy refers to how much movement there is in respect to each molecule. In solids, the molecules are packed tightly together and can't move very much, so they have lower kinetic energy. In liquids, they are less packed, but still restricted. And in gases, they can fly freely, so they will have much more kinetic energy than liquids or solids. This one's a yes.

- mass: No matter what form, there are still the same amount of molecules, and each molecule has the same mass as before. It won't change.

- density: Since the molecules are more spread out in gases, it will be less dense. Liquids will be more dense, and solids will have the greatest density. So, yes.

Conclusion: shape, kinetic energy, density, (and temperature if it's talking about a single type of molecule)

5 0

3 years ago

What is true of a covalent bond? (03.03)

garri49 [273]

Answer:

I think B..

Explanation:

It is the sharing of electrons from one atom to another .

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

The primary goal of water-softening ion exchange systems is _____(1 point)

Anettt [7]

Answer:

The primary goal of water-softening ion exchange systems is _____(1 point)

removing magnesium and calcium from water. ***

removing sodium from water.

introducing magnesium and calcium into water.

introducing sodium into water.

How does a reverse osmosis water purification system operate? (1 point)

Untreated water is subjected to high pressure, causing it to move through a highly permeable membrane, which captures contaminants.

Untreated water is subjected to high pressure, causing it to move through a semi-permeable membrane, which captures contaminants. ***

Untreated water is subjected to low pressure, causing it to move through a highly permeable membrane, which captures contaminants.

Untreated water is subjected to low pressure, causing it to move through a semi-permeable membrane, which captures contaminants.

A city council is debating between two potential water purification systems: reverse osmosis and ion exchange. Cost is the primary criteria for the choice. Which decision is the most likely result of this debate?(1 point)

More research is needed because reverse osmosis systems require specialized maintenance, while ion exchange requires regular replacement of components. ***

A reverse osmosis system would likely be chosen because it does not require specialized maintenance or regular replacement of components.

More research is needed because ion exchange systems require specialized maintenance, while reverse osmosis requires regular replacement of components.hdhdhd

An ion exchange system would likely be chosen because it does not require specialized maintenance or regular replacement of components.

A city council is debating different alternatives for purifying water from a local reservoir. The council is considering ion exchange and reverse osmosis. Bacterial contamination of the water supply is the primary concern, and the council has decided that dealing with this is the main criteria for their choice. Which decision is the most likely outcome of this debate?(1 point)

They are likely to choose reverse osmosis because it is specifically designed to kill bacteria.

They are likely to choose ion exchange because it is specifically designed to kill bacteria.

They are likely to choose reverse osmosis because it addresses a wider range of problems, including bacteria. ***

They are likely to choose ion exchange because it addresses a wider range of problems, including bacteria.

Which of the following is a constraint of a chlorine bleach shock to remove contaminants from drinking water?(1 point)

This treatment only removes large solids.

This treatment only removes microscopic contaminants.

This treatment does not remove bacteria.

This treatment removes bacteria, but not other pollutants. ***

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3 years ago

Which contributes to the polarity of a water molecule?

OLEGan [10]

C. no difference in the electronegativity of oxygen and hydrogen

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4 years ago

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How does increasing the temperature affect a reaction?

Luden [163]

Answer:A. An increase in temperature increases the reaction rate.

Explanation:because of the disproportionately large increase in the number of high energy collisions. It is only these collisions (possessing at least the activation energy for the reaction) which result in a reaction.

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3 years ago