Answer:
F = 2.30 10⁴ N
Explanation:
The force required to link two gates must be equal to or greater than the electrostatic force of repulsion, because the protons have equal charges.
F = k q₁ q₂ / r²
Where k is the Coulomb constant that is worth 8.99 10⁹ N m² / C²
In this case the proton charge is 1.6 10⁻¹⁹ C and the distance between them is approximately the diameter of the core r = 10⁻¹⁵ m
Let's calculate
F = 8.99 10⁹ (1.6 10⁻¹⁹)² / (10⁻¹⁵)²
F = 2.30 10⁴ N
The bond strength must be equal to or greater than this value
A) the universe is expanding
Every galaxy is moving away from each other - not just us. And the further they are away, the faster they are moving
When it comes to optics, Snell's law is the basic formula to be used. If you notice, when light hits the water, the light does not travel in the same direction. After, it hits the water, it changes in angle. Light becomes refracted. This is observed when your hands tend to become bigger if you place it underwater. The formula for Snell's Law is
n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂sin θ₂, where n is the index of refraction. This depends on the type of medium. For example, for air, n=1. The parameters θ₁ is the angle of incidence, and θ₂ is the angle of refraction. Critical angle is the incident angle needed so that the refract angle is 90°. So, modifying the equation:
n₁ sin θcrit = n₂sin 90°, since sin 90°=1,
sin θcrit = n₂/n₁
θcrit = sin ⁻¹ (n₂/n₁)
Since liquid comes first before glass, n₁=1.75 and n₂=1.52. Substituting,
θcrit = sin ⁻¹ (1.52/1.75)
θcrit = 60.29°
I do believe the answer is land because the ocean/sea gets cold when its night. So the answer is land
