Answer:
First, the different indices of refraction must be taken into account (in different media): for example, the refractive index of light in a vacuum is 1 (since vacuum = c). The value of the refractive index of the medium is a measure of its "optical density": Light spreads at maximum speed in a vacuum but slower in others transparent media; therefore in all of them n> 1. Examples of typical values of are those of air (1,0003), water (1.33), glass (1.46 - 1.66) or diamond (2.42).
The refractive index has a maximum value and a minimum value, which we can calculate the minimum value by means of the following explanation:
The limit or minimum angle, α lim, is defined as the angle of refraction from which the refracted ray disappears and all the light is reflected. As in the maximum value of angle of refraction, from which everything is reflected, is βmax = 90º, we can know the limit angle (the minimum angle that we would have to have to know the minimum index of refraction) by Snell's law:
βmax = 90º ⇒ n 1x sin α (lim) = n 2 ⇒ sin α lim = n 2 / n 1
Explanation:
When a light ray strikes the separation surface between two media different, the incident beam is divided into three: the most intense penetrates the second half forming the refracted ray, another is reflected on the surface and the third is breaks down into numerous weak beams emerging from the point of incidence in all directions, forming a set of stray light beams.
700 makes the maximum output power.
<u>Explanation:</u>
In physics, power is the rate of doing work or of transferring heat, i.e. the amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time. The output power of a motor is the product of the torque that the motor generates and the angular velocity of its output shaft.
A joule is equal to one Newton-meter, which is the amount of work needed to move a 1 Newton force a distance of 1 meter. When you divide work by time, you get power, measured in units of joules per second. This is also called a Watt. 1 Watt = 1 Joule Sec. This is the formula to calculate output power.
I think iron? i’m not 100% sure
Answer:
Explained
Explanation:
The electrons get rubbed off some items onto others. This causes an excess or electron on one item and deficiency of electron on the other. Therefore an electrostatic force of attraction is produced and hence clothes often cling together after tumbling in a clothes dryer
Answer:
+16 J
Explanation:
We can solve the problem by using the 1st law of thermodynamics:
where
is the change of the internal energy of the system
Q is the heat (positive if supplied to the system, negative if dissipated by the system)
W is the work done (positive if done by the system, negative if done by the surroundings on the system)
In this case we have:
Q = -12 J is the heat dissipated by the system
W = -28 J is the work done ON the system
Substituting into the equation, we find the change in internal energy of the system:
