The sphere has a constant potential. It is the electric field.
In the sphere, then
Outside the sphere, then
The elements of the electric field include
Which becomes,
Similar to an ordinary object in the uniform gravitational field near the Earth's surface, a charged item in a uniform electric field experiences a constant force and consequently experiences a uniform acceleration. The vector cross product of p and E determines the torque's direction.
If the charge is positive, the force either moves in the same direction as E or in the opposite direction (if charge is negative).
A torque is experienced by an electric dipole (p) in an even electric field (E). The vector cross product of p and E determines the torque's direction.
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