The impression of the image on the retina lasts for about 1/16th of a second after the removal of the object. If a burning stick of incense is revolved at a rate of more than sixteen revolutions per second, we see a circle of red light due to persistence of vision.
The sun is a hot ball of glowing gases which is a star whose gravity holds the solar system together and also keeping all the planet and smallest particles of debris in its orbit.