To find the empirical formula you would first need to find the moles of each element:
58.8g/ 12.0g = 4.9 mol C
9.9g/ 1.0g = 9.9 mol H
31.4g/ 16.0g = 1.96 O
Then you divide by the smallest number of moles of each:
4.9/1.96 = 2.5
9.9/1.96 = 6
1.96/1.96 = 1
Since there is 2.5, you find the least number that makes each moles a whole number which is 2.
So the empirical formula is C5H12O2.
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The balanced chemical reaction for the described reaction above is,
Na2CO3 + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + H2CO3
From the reaction, 1 mole of Na2CO3 is needed to produce 2 moles of NaCl. In terms of mass, 106 grams of Na2CO3 are needed to produce 116.9 grams of NaCl. From this,
(23.4 g NaCl) x (106 g Na2CO3 / 116.9 NaCl = 21.22 g Na2CO3
Thus, approximately 21.22 g Na2CO3 is needed for the desired reaction.
