<span>pb(no3)2 + 2 nacl → pbcl2 + 2nano3</span>
Supposing a temperature of 25 degrees and supposing that all
activity coefficients are 1
pH = -log[H+]
pOH = -log[OH-]
pH + pOH = 14
Thus a pH of 2.50 would mean that the [H+], the concentration of the hydrogen
ion, would be 10^(-2.50)
pH + pOH = 14
pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 2.5 = 11.5
MOH- levels would be coordinated with pOH
pOH = -log[OH-] ==> [OH-] = [MOH-] = 10^-pOH = 10^-11.5 = 3.2 x 10^-12
Therefore, MOH¯ = 3.2 × 10¯12 M
Covalent bonds would be formed when a non-metal bonds with another non-metal
Answer:
D. Smelting
Explanation:
Bauxite is the aluminum ore from which alumina, also known as aluminum oxide, Al₂O₃, is produced. Bauxite is extracted from the topsoil regions of some subtropical and tropical regions, and the Bayer process is primarily then used to produce alumina from the bauxite.
Aluminum is produced from the alumina by an aluminum smelting process known as the Hall—Heroult electrolytic process which involves the use of a carbon anode and direct current to produce aluminum by reducing the aluminum oxide
The reason for adding a limited amount and then an excess amount is that initially a metal hydroxide may form which becomes soluble when more base is added and the metal complex forms.
In qualitative analysis is a common to add the base in drops and then in excess. When added in drops, the metal hydroxide is formed. This metal hydroxide is often insoluble.
After this metal hydroxide is formed, the base could be added in excess such that the metal hydroxide dissolves in the excess base by forming a complex.
For instance;
CuCl2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) -------> Cu(OH)2(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
Cu(OH)2(s) + 2OH^-(aq) -------> [Cu(OH)4]^2+(aq)
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