State the first law of thermodynamics
2 answers:
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In a circuit, the electromotive force can be said to be the "source" of the "pushed electrons". This push then creates what is known as a current, which is the flow of electric charge through the circuit. This flow can be slowed down or restricted by a resistor, and this is also what can be harnessed in order to use electric power.
Explanation:
The electromotive force is the potential difference produced by the battery in the circuit. When the circuit is connected to the battery, this potential difference causes the electron to start moving towards the point at higher potential: in this sense, the electromotive force is said to be the "source" of the "pushed electrons".
This flow of electrons moving in the circuit is known as current.
Then, in the circuit, it is possible to place a piece of circuit with a smaller cross-section that restricts the flow of electrons: this component is known as resistor, and its property of restricting the flow of electron is known as resistance.
In a circuit, electromotive force (V), current (I) and resistance (R) are related by Ohm's law:
Finally, when a current passes through a resistor, part of the electric energy is converted into thermal energy, and some power is dissipated through the resistor. The power dissipated is given by
This power can be harnessed, for instance, if the resistor is connected to a light bulb: the energy is transformed into heat and light, and so the light bulb turns on, providing illumination.
Learn more about current and resistance:
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