If a material were being designed to demonstrate no thermal expansions, how would the energy plot look like?
1 answer:
The characteristics of thermal expansion allow finding that the response for a material without thermal expansion is
- The length variation is zero
- In the graph the line is horizontal so there is no change in length with temperature
Thermal expansion is the macroscopic sum of the changes in the length of the bonds when the energy (temperature) changes, it can be written
ΔL = α L₀ ΔT
Where ΔL is the change in length, α the coefficient of linear expansion, L₀ the initial length and ΔT the change in body temperature
In this case, a material is being designed that the thermal expansion is very small, for this the material must be made up of several compounds where some of them present a contraction with temperature, some examples: water at low temperature, liquefied gases , ceramic tile, quartz, etc.
The thermal expansion measurement processes control the body temperature and measure the change in length, in this case the change in length must be zero, in the attachment we can see a graph of a composite material with these characteristics, an example of this type of material is Invar an alloy of nickel and iron α = 3.7 10⁻⁶ ºC⁻¹
In conclusion, using the characteristics of thermal expansion we can find that the response of material without thermal expansion is
- The length variation is zero
- In the graph the line is horizontal so there is no change in length with temperature
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Answer:
14 m/s
Explanation:
We can solve the problem by using the law of conservation of energy.
At the beginning, when the ball is thrown from the ground, it has only kinetic energy, which is given by
where m = 5.9 kg is the mass of the ball and v is its initial speed.
As the ball goes up, its speed decreases, so its kinetic energy decreases and converts into gravitational potential energy. When the ball reaches its maximum height, the speed has become zero, and all the kinetic energy has been converted into gravitational potential energy, given by:
where g = 9.8 m/s^2 is the gravitational acceleration and h = 10 m is the maximum height reached by the ball.
Since we can ignore air resistance, energy must be conserved, so the initial kinetic energy must be equal to the final potential energy of the ball, so we can write:
And we can solve the equation to find v, the initial speed of the ball: