Answer:
They expressed it as rate of change in concentration of reactants or products in a chemical reaction
Does the element have a different amount of electrons than protons?
Chemical energy is converted to thermal energy.
<span>The first method to determine the chemical composition of a substance in space was using light. By determining red shift in the observed spectrum of light they could determine the elements they were observing. Different elements change the way light behaves and from this scientists can determine the makeup of things such as stars and nebulas.</span>