Answer:
7
Explanation:
The coefficient is the number in front of the chemical symbol.
write an equation to represent the oxidation of an alcohol.
identify the reagents that may be used to oxidize a given alcohol.
identify the specific reagent that is used to oxidize primary alcohols to aldehydes rather than to carboxylic acids.
identify the product formed from the oxidation of a given alcohol with a specified oxidizing agent.
identify the alcohol needed to prepare a given aldehyde, ketone or carboxylic acid by simple oxidation.
write a mechanism for the oxidation of an alcohol using a chromium(VI) reagent.
The reading mentions that pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is a milder version of chromic acid that is suitable for converting a primary alcohol into an aldehyde without oxidizing it all the way to a carboxylic acid. This reagent is being replaced in laboratories by Dess‑Martin periodinane (DMP), which has several practical advantages over PCC, such as producing higher yields and requiring less rigorous reaction conditions. DMP is named after Daniel Dess and James Martin, who developed it in 1983.
This page looks at the oxidation of alcohols using acidified sodium or potassium dichromate(VI) solution. This reaction is used to make aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids, and as a way of distinguishing between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols.
Oxidizing the different types of alcohols
The oxidizing agent used in these reactions is normally a solution of sodium or potassium dichromate(VI) acidified with dilute sulfuric acid. If oxidation occurs, the orange solution containing the dichromate(VI) ions is reduced to a green solution containing chromium(III) ions. The electron-half-equation for this reaction is
Cr2O2−7+14H++6e−→2Cr3++7H2O
An acid can be defined as a proton donor.
The boiling point of HF is higher than the boiling point of 
, and it is higher than the boiling point of 
.
<h3>What is the boiling point?</h3>
The boiling point is the temperature at which the pressure exerted by the surroundings upon a liquid is equalled by the pressure exerted by the vapour of the liquid.
has weak dispersion force attractions between its molecules, whereas liquid HF has strong ionic interactions between 
and 
ions.
Only London Forces are formed - Therefore more energy is required to break the intermolecular forces in HF than in the other hydrogen halides and so HF has a higher boiling point.
and will only have intra-molecular attractions and there will be no hydrogen bonds present in them. As a result, their boiling point will be lower.
Hence, the boiling point of HF is higher than the boiling point of , and it is higher than the boiling point of .
Learn more about the boiling point:
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