The uncertainty principle is one of the most famous (and probably misunderstood) ideas in physics. It tells us that there is a fuzziness in nature, a fundamental limit to what we can know about the behaviour of quantum particles and, therefore, the smallest scales of nature. Of these scales, the most we can hope for is to calculate probabilities for where things are and how they will behave. Unlike Isaac Newton's clockwork universe, where everything follows clear-cut laws on how to move and prediction is easy if you know the starting conditions, the uncertainty principle enshrines a level of fuzziness into quantum theory.
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Ca is the only element perhaps B
Answer:
1) [OH⁻] = 0.065 M
2) [H₃O⁺] = 1.54 x 10⁻¹³ M.
3) pH = 12.81.
Explanation:
HCl is completely dissociated yo its ions in solution:
<em>KOH + H₂O → H₃O⁺ + K⁺ + OH⁻,
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1) [OH⁻] = 0.065 M.
<em>2) [H₃O⁺]:
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∵ [H₃O⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴.
∴ [H₃O⁺] = 10⁻¹⁴/[OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴/(0.065 M) = 1.54 x 10⁻¹³ M.
<em>3) pH:
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For strong acids like HCl:
pH = - log[H₃O⁺] = - log[1.54 x 10⁻¹³ M] = 12.81.
Answer:
Discovery of neutron
Explanation:
Until 1932, the atom was believed to be composed of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons, after successful discovery of electron by J.J. Thompson and proton by Ernest Rutherford.
In 1932, James Chadwick bombarded beryllium atoms with alpha particles.
As Chadwick had previously seen in experiment conducted by Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie, they had bombarded a sample of beryllium with alpha radiation.
Chadwick repeated the experiment and observed an unknown radiation, this showed no deflection what-so-ever.
He repeated this experiment by bombarding other materials, like helium, nitrogen and lithium,
Finally, Chadwick found that this radiation was composed of particles with a neutral electrical charge and had approximate mass of a proton.
This particle was then known as the neutron.
