What did Rutherford’s model of the atom include that Thomson’s model did not have?
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Explanation:
The geographic coordinate system is a reference system that uses the two angular latitude (north or south) and longitude (east or west) coordinates to determine the positions of the land surface points. These two angular coordinates measured from the center of the Earth are from a spherical coordinate system that is aligned with its axis of rotation. These coordinates are usually expressed in sexagesimal degrees:
Latitude measures the angle between any point and the equator. Latitude lines are called parallel and are circles parallel to the equator on the Earth's surface. Latitude is the distance between any point and Ecuador, measured on the meridian that passes through that point.
• All points located on the same parallel have the same latitude.
• Those who are in the north of Ecuador receive the denomination North (N).
• Those who are in the south of Ecuador receive the denomination South (S).
• It is measured from 0º to 90º.
• The latitude of 0º corresponds to Ecuador.
• The North and South poles have latitude 90º N and 90º S respectively.
The length measures the angle along the equator from any point on Earth. It is accepted that Greenwich in London is length 0 in most modern societies. The lines of length are maximum circles that pass through the poles and are called meridians.
• All points located on the same meridian have the same length.
• Those who are east of Meridian Zero receive the designation East (E).
• Those who are west of Meridian Zero receive the denomination West (O).
• It is measured from 0º to 180º.
• The Greenwich meridian corresponds to the length 0º.
By combining these two angles, the position of any point on the Earth's surface can be expressed.
To solve this exercise it is necessary to take into account the concepts related to Tensile Strength and Shear Strenght.
In Materials Mechanics, generally the bodies under certain loads are subject to both Tensile and shear strenghts.
By definition we know that the tensile strength is defined as
Where,
Tensile strength
F = Tensile Force
A = Cross-sectional Area
In the other hand we have that the shear strength is defined as
where,
Shear strength
Shear Force
Parallel Area
PART A) Replacing with our values in the equation of tensile strenght, then
Resolving for F,
PART B) We need here to apply the shear strength equation, then
In such a way that the material is more resistant to tensile strength than shear force.