Answer:
Explanation:
The refractive index of a medium is a measure to know how much the speed of light within the medium is reduced. It can be calculated with the next equation:
(1)
Where:
The speed of light in the vacuum is approximately 300,000 km/s. In order to work with the same units let's do the proper conversion with the velocity of the medium:
Finally, replacing the data in (1):
Answer:
Explanation:
Static friction occurs when an object initially starts at rest. When the surfaces of the materials touch, the microscopic unevenness interlock greatest with each other, causing the most friction out of the three.
During sliding friction, an object is already moving or in motion. The microscopic surfaces still interlock, but because the object is in motion, it has a momentum. Therefore, the magnitude of sliding friction is less than that of static friction.
Rolling friction occurs when an object rolls across some surface. Rather than surfaces interlocking, rolling friction is caused by the constant distortion of surfaces. As it rolls, the surfaces of the object are constantly wrapping and changing. This distortion causes the rolling friction. However, it is much less in magnitude when compared to static or sliding friction.